Objective This study aimed to investigate the status of research， development， and production of alternative protein products in China， in order to propose evidence-based regulatory and policy recommendations.Methods An industry survey was conducted to analyze the types of alternative protein products and compare their production processes. Based on this， science-based management policy suggestions for China were formulated.Results The alternative protein produced by 40 surveyed enterprises included cell-cultivated meat， microbial protein， algae protein， insect protein， and plant protein. Significant process variations were observed that cell-cultivated meat focused on cell selection and proliferation， microbial proteins and algae proteins emphasized fermentation， while insect proteins and plant proteins prioritized extraction technologies. Specifically， a case-by-case approval is recommended for cell-cultivated meat. In contrast， microbial， algal， and insect proteins， with their more established technologies， can be regulated under novel food requirements based on their intended uses. Certain plant-based alternative proteins can be regulated as conventional foods.Conclusion While alternative proteins are managed as novel food under Chinese regulatory frameworks， the development of category-specific application guidelines and evaluation criteria is necessary to facilitate sustainable and high-standard industry growth.