2018—2020年中国成年居民在外就餐状况分析
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作者:
作者单位:

1.国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京 100022;2.辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁 沈阳 110005

作者简介:

潘峰 男 助理研究员 研究方向为营养与食品卫生学 E-mail:ccdcpf@126.com

通讯作者:

李建文 男 研究员 研究方向为营养与食品卫生学 E-mail:lijianwen@cfsa.net.cn

中图分类号:

R155

基金项目:

国家食品安全风险评估中心高层次人才队伍建设523项目


Analysis of eating out of home among adults in China from 2018 to 2020
Author:
Affiliation:

1.China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China;2.Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaoning Shenyang 110005, China

Fund Project:

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    摘要:

    目的 了解我国成年居民在外就餐行为方式,为制定营养健康政策提供科学依据。方法 数据来源于2018—2020年中国居民食物消费状况调查,采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法,在我国23个省(自治区、直辖市)114个调查点选取34 462名18岁及以上成人作为研究对象。利用食物频率和就餐行为问卷,收集调查对象过去1周在不同地点就餐次数和频率信息,分析过去1周在外就餐状况,比较不同人群在外就餐率、就餐比例和就餐次数的差异。结果 2018—2020年我国成年居民过去1周在外就餐率为40.7%,早餐、午餐和晚餐在外就餐率分别为17.9%、27.2%和20.2%,平均每周在外就餐1.8次,在外就餐1~3次/周、4~6次/周和7次/周及以上的人群比例分别为21.8%、8.9%和10.0%。过去1周,在宾馆、饭店和酒店等地点,摊点,以及单位、学校等处食堂就餐的人群比例较高,分别为22.3%、16.4%和12.2%;在中、西式快餐店,其他食品加工场所就餐的人群比例较低,分别为3.0%、1.9%;订外卖就餐的人群比例为4.2%。男性、18~44岁人群、大学及以上受教育程度人群、专业技术人员、家庭年人均收入在100 000元以上以及大城市地区人群,在外就餐率和就餐次数相对较高。专业技术人员和商业服务人员在宾馆、饭店和酒店等地点就餐的比例较高,在校学生和专业技术人员在单位、学校等处食堂就餐的比例较高。结论 2018—2020年中国成年居民在外就餐现象比较普遍,18~44岁和大城市人群在外就餐率较高。从不同餐次来看,成年人群午餐在外就餐率较高;从就餐地点来看,宾馆、饭店和酒店等场所的就餐率较高。

    Abstract:

    Objective To analyze the eating out of home behavior of adults in China and provide the scientific basis for nutrition and health policy.Methods Samples were chosen from China Food Consumption Survey from 2018 to 2020. A total of 34 462 participants aged 18 years old and above were included in the final analysis. The food frequency questionnaire and eating behavior questionnaire were used to collect eating out of home status in the past week. The differences in the rate of eating out of home and dining places, and dining out times among different groups of people were compare.Results The overall rate of eating out of home in the past week was 40.7% among adults in 2018—2020 in China. The rate of adult residents eating out of home for breakfast, lunch and dinner was 17.9%, 27.2% and 20.2%, respectively. The average number of eating out of home was 1.8 times. The proportion of adults who ate out 1-3 times/week, 4-6 times/week and 7 or more times/week in the past week were 21.8%, 8.9% and 10.0%, respectively. In the past week, the proportion of people who ate in hotels, restaurants and other places, stalls, and canteens of workplaces, schools and other places was higher, 22.3%, 16.4% and 12.2% respectively, while the proportion of people who ate in Chinese and Western fast-food restaurants and other food processing places was lower, 3.0% and 1.9% respectively. The percentage of people who ordered takeaway food was 4.2%. The rate of eating out of home and dining out times were higher among male, people aged 18-44, people with college education or above, professional and technical personnel, people with per capita household income of more than 100 000 yuan and people in big cities. The proportion of professional and technical personnel and business service personnel eating in hotels, restaurants and hotels was higher, and the proportion of school students and professional and technical personnel eating in the canteen of work units and schools was higher.Conclusion From 2018 to 2020, the phenomenon of Chinese adult residents eating out of home was relatively common, and the rate of people aged 18-44 and in big cities was higher. For different meals and dining places, the rate of people eating out of home for lunch was higher, and the rate of eating in hotels, restaurants and other places was higher.

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潘峰,张彤薇,赵方蕾,毛伟峰,栾德春,李建文.2018—2020年中国成年居民在外就餐状况分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2025,37(4):373-381.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-29
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-07-11
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