柑橘中丙溴磷与其他4种常见残留农药的联合神经毒性研究
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1.西南大学食品科学学院,重庆 400715;2.川渝共建特色食品重庆市重点实验室,重庆 400715;3.农业农村部柑橘类果品质量安全控制重点实验室,重庆 400715;4.重庆市食品药品检验 检测研究院,重庆 401121

作者简介:

王萍 女 硕士研究生 研究方向为食品质量与安全控制 E-mail:2523916877@qq.com

通讯作者:

马良 女 教授 研究方向为食品质量与安全控制 E-mail:zhyhml@163.com

中图分类号:

R155

基金项目:

重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(CSTB2023TIAD-KPX0066);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(SWU-KT22048);国家自然科学基金(32102062);重庆市市场监督管理局科研计划(CQSJKJDW2023033)


Study on the combined neurotoxicity of propiconazole and four other common residual pesticides in citrus fruits
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1.College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;2.Chongqing Key Laboratory of Specialty Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China;3.Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;4.Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China

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    摘要:

    目的 探究柑橘中常见残留农药丙溴磷(PFF)与阿维菌素(ABM)、苯醚甲环唑(DIF)、联苯菊酯(BIF)、吡虫啉(IMI)混合暴露对秀丽隐杆线虫的神经毒性作用。方法 L1期野生型线虫N2品系秀丽隐杆线虫(简称线虫)和转基因线虫EG1285(unc-47::GFP)品系线虫液体环境染毒24~72 h后,测定5种农药(PFF、ABM、DIF、BIF、IMI)分别对线虫的体长抑制率,并根据其单一毒性效应设计低、中、高(1/10 EC50、1/2 EC50、EC50)3个剂量组,探究PFF分别与其他4种农药混合暴露对线虫运动行为能力的影响,最终利用Chou-Talalay模型分析其联合毒性效应并对具有显著协同作用的PFF-ABM混合物开展联合神经毒性研究,进一步探究其对线虫趋化性、捕食率、ATP和GABA水平及GABA能神经元的影响。结果 5种农药对线虫体长的抑制程度(24 h)依次为ABM(EC50=0.015 μg/mL)>PFF(EC50=0.458 μg/mL)>DIF(EC50=10.585 μg/mL)>IMI(EC50=39.981 μg/mL)>BIF(EC50=46.623 μg/mL)。农药混合物联合毒性效应结果表明,所有农药联合处理组对线虫的运动行为均具有抑制作用,PFF-DIF、PFF-BIF和PFF-IMI的联合毒性效应均为低浓度协同作用,高浓度拮抗作用,而PFF-ABM的联合毒性效应在受试浓度下均为协同作用。PFF-ABM中、高剂量组线虫的ATP、GABA水平较PFF和ABM单独组均显著下降(P<0.05)。在神经元发育损伤实验中,PFF-ABM高剂量组转基因线虫的GABA能神经元的荧光强度分别较PFF和ABM单独组分别下降43.38%和33.20%。结论 PFF与ABM混合物的联合神经毒性效应为协同作用,与其他3种农药混合物的联合神经毒性效应随暴露浓度增加具有由协同作用转为拮抗作用趋势。PFF-ABM联合暴露通过降低线虫ATP和GABA水平、损伤GABA能神经元诱导协同作用的产生。

    Abstract:

    Objective Exploring the neurotoxic effects of combined exposure to commonly detected pesticide residues in citrus, including profenofos (PFF) ,avermectin (ABM), difenoconazole (DIF), bifenthrin (BIF), and imidacloprid (IMI), respectively, on Caenorhabditis elegans.Methods Wild type N2 and transgenic EG1285 (unc-47::GFP) C. elegans were exposed to mycotoxins in the liquid environment for 24-72 h, and the body length inhibition rates of five pesticides were measured. Based on the single toxic effect, low, medium and high (1/10 EC50, 1/2 EC50, EC50) dose groups were designed to investigate the effects of PFF mixed with four other pesticides, respectively. On the motility behavior of C. elegans, followed by using Chou-Talalay model to analyze the type of combined toxicity. Finally, a combined neurotoxicity study was conducted on the PFF-ABM mixture which showing the significantly synergistic effects to further explore its effects on the chemotaxis, predation rate, ATP and GABA levels and GABAergic neurons.Results The toxic effects of the five pesticides on the body length of nematodes (24 h) were in the order of ABM (EC50=0.015 μg/mL)>PFF (EC50=0.458 μg/mL)>DIF (EC50=10.585 μg/mL)>IMI (EC50=39.981 μg/mL)>BIF (EC50=46.623 μg/mL). The results of the combined toxicity effects of pesticide mixtures showed that all pesticide combination treatment groups had inhibitory effects on the motility behavior of C. elegans. The combined toxic effects of PFF-DIF, PFF-BIF and PFF-IMI were synergistic at low concentrations whereas antagonistic at high concentrations. However, the combined toxic effect of PFF-ABM was synergistic at all the tested concentration. The ATP and GABA levels of C. elegans in the medium and high-dose groups of PFF-ABM were significantly lower than those in the PFF and ABM groups alone (P<0.05). In the experiment of neuronal developmental damage, the fluorescence intensity of GABAergic neurons in transgenic C. elegans in the high-dose group of PFF-ABM decreased by 43.38% and 33.20%, respectively, compared to the PFF and ABM alone groups.Conclusion The combined neurotoxic effects of PFF and ABM mixture was synergistic and the combined neurotoxic effects of the mixtures with the other three pesticides showed a trend of shifting from synergistic to antagonistic effects with the increasing exposure concentration. PFF-ABM combined exposure induced synergistic effects by reducing the ATP and GABA levels and damaging GABAergic neurons in nematodes.

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王萍,康依,周鸿媛,马良,张宇昊,白亚敏.柑橘中丙溴磷与其他4种常见残留农药的联合神经毒性研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2025,37(2):115-123.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-08
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-06-05
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