2008—2023年中国猪肉生产链污染沙门菌的血清型和耐药特征分析
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1.山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053;2.国家食品安全风险评估中心 国家卫生健康 委员会食品安全风险评估重点实验室,北京 100021;3.西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院, 陕西 咸阳 712100;4.中国食品药品检定研究院,北京 100050

作者简介:

刘世伟 男 在读研究生 研究方向为食品微生物 E-mail:liusw798@163.com

通讯作者:

白莉 女 研究员 研究方向为食品微生物 E-mail:baili@cfsa.net.cn

中图分类号:

R155

基金项目:


Characterization of serovars and drug resistance of Salmonella contaminating pork production chains in China, 2008-2023
Author:
Affiliation:

1.School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University,Shandong Weifang 261053, China;2.China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China;3.School of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Shaanxi Xianyang 712100, China;4.China National Institute of Food and Drug Control , Beijing 100050, China

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    摘要:

    目的 基于文献系统分析2008—2023年中国猪肉生产链污染沙门菌的血清型及耐药特征。方法 在中国知网、PubMed等数据库中检索2008—2023年间发表的中国猪肉生产链沙门菌相关文献,经筛选得83篇,并利用SPSS、Excel对数据进行统计分析,按时间跨度将文献分为3个时间段:T1(2008—2012年)、T2(2013—2017年)和T3(2018—2023年),且与欧盟和美国同源数据血清型及抗菌药物敏感性进行对比分析。结果 2008—2023年间中国猪肉生产链沙门菌污染的整体平均阳性率为18.0%,其中屠宰环节(19.6%)和零售环节(29.1%)的阳性率均高于养殖环节(8.4%),并远高于欧盟(屠宰:1.4%;零售:1.7%)和美国(屠宰:15.9%;零售:1.4%)(P<0.05)。中国猪肉生产链沙门菌中最常见的血清型为德尔卑(28.4%)、鼠伤寒及单相变种(24.7%)和罗森沙门菌(12.9%),不同时间段的污染率存在消长:德尔卑逐渐下降,鼠伤寒及单相变种与罗森沙门菌逐渐增多。5种猪源沙门菌(德尔卑、鼠伤寒及单相变种、肠炎、伦敦和罗森沙门菌)对多西环素(85.1%)、四环素(78.8%)、氨苄西林(65.1%)和氯霉素(61.5%)等抗菌药物耐药率较高,且显著高于欧盟和美国(P<0.05)。氨苄西林、复方新诺明、四环素、环丙沙星的耐药率随时间增长呈上升趋势,分别增长38.3%、28.2%、18.0%、15.1%。结论 中国猪肉生产链沙门菌的污染率较高,部分优势血清型存在消长,四环素类等抗菌药物的耐药率在整体上呈上升趋势。因此建议加强对猪肉生产链中兽用抗菌药物的使用监管。

    Abstract:

    Objective To systematically analyze the serovars and drug resistance characteristics of Salmonella contaminated with pork production chain in China from 2008 to 2023 based on literature.Methods The literature related to Salmonella in the pork production chain in China published from 2008 to 2023 was searched in China Knowledge and PubMed databases and 83 articles were screened. The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS and Excel. According to time span, the literature were divided into three time periods: T1 (2008-2012), T2 (2013—2017) and T3 (2018—2023) and were analyzed in comparison with the European Union and the United States homologous data on serovars and antimicrobial susceptibility.Results The average positivity rate of Salmonella contamination in pork production chains in China from 2008 to 2023 was 18.0%, with higher positivity rates in both the slaughter (19.6%) and retail (29.1%) segments than in the farmed segment (8.4%), which was much higher than that in the EU (slaughter: 1.4%; retail: 1.7%) and the United States (slaughter: 15.9%; retail: 1.4%) (P<0.05). The most common serovars of Salmonella of pork origin in China were Samonella Derby (28.4%), Samonella Typhimurium and Samonella I 4,[5],12:i:- (24.7%) and Samonella Rissen (12.9%) and the rate of contamination varied over time: a gradual decrease in Derby, and a gradual increase in Samonella Typhimurium and S. I 4,[5],12:i:- and Samonella Rissen. Five Salmonella of swine origin (Samonella Derby, Samonella Typhimurium and Samonella I 4,[5],12:i:-, Salmonella Enteritidis, Samonella london and Samonella Rissen) had high rates of resistance to antimicrobial drugs such as doxycycline (85.1%), tetracycline (78.8%), ampicillin (65.1%) and chloramphenicol (61.5%) and were significantly higher than those in the EU and the USA (P<0.05). The resistance rates of ampicillin, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin showed an increasing trend with time, increasing by 38.3%, 28.2%, 18.0% and 15.1%, respectively.Conclusion The contamination rate of Salmonella from pork sources in China was high, there was an elimination of some dominant serovars. The resistance rate of tetracycline antimicrobials showed an increasing trend in the whole. It is recommended to strengthen the regulation of the use of veterinary antimicrobial drugs in the pork production chain.

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刘世伟,卢晓红,齐妍,盛焕精,崔生辉,白莉.2008—2023年中国猪肉生产链污染沙门菌的血清型和耐药特征分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2025,37(1):10-23.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-05-16
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