Objective To understand the situation of fruit consumption and its trends among Chinese adult residents aged 18 and above， and to evaluate the level of fruit consumption among adult residents， so as to provide a scientific basis for guiding the rational consumption of fruit among Chinese adult residents and formulating nutritional and health policies.Methods Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS）， a long-term follow-up cohort of 37 060 adult residents aged 18 years and older with complete 3-day， 24-hour dietary survey data from the 1991， 2000， 2011 and 2018 waves were enrolled in the study. Descriptive analyses and trend tests were used to analyze the fruit consumption rate， average daily fruit consumption and the trend of fruit consumption in the consecutive 3-day 24-hour dietary review surveys， and to compare them with the recommended fruit intake of 200 g/d in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents.Results The fruit consumption rate of adult residents in China generally showed an upward trend， increasing from 11.0% in 1991 to 47.8% in 2018 （P<0.001）. The median consumption of the fruit-consuming population increased from 66.7 g/d in 1991 to 88.8 g/d in 2018.The per capita daily fruit consumption of overall adult residents increased from 10.4 g in 1991 to 54.0 g in 2018. Fruit consumption has urban-rural differences， the average fruit consumption of urban and rural residents in 2018 was 71.6 and 41.8 g， respectively， and the proportion of urban residents reaching the recommended amount of fruit was higher than twice that of rural residents.Conclusion Overall trend of fruit consumption rate among Chinese adult residents showed an upward trend during 1991 to 2018. Fruit consumption has increased， but it is still far below the recommended intake with obvious urban-rural differences. Effective interventions should be further targeted at different populations to increase fruit consumption， establish the health concept of a balanced diet， and improve the nutritional status of the population.