Objective Through the rapid detection and analysis of a case of gelsemine poisoning caused by honey， to bring inspiration for similar incident handling.Methods The appropriate amount of samples and specimen were weighed or aspirated， adding borax-NaOH buffer solution（pH=9.6）， shake well， extracted with ethyl acetate， and the organic layer was used for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection and analysis.Results The gelsemine content in the honeycomb was 28.6 mg/kg， and the gelsemine contents in brewing honey tool 1 and tool 2 wash solution were 5.85 and 5.04 μg. The gelsemine content in honey water was 44.0 mg/L， and only the blood of patients 1-3 detected gelsemine content of 22.3-402 μg/L. The urine of all patients were detected gelsemine content of 20.6-299 μg/L， and the urine gelsemine content of patient 2-6 was higher than that of blood.Conclusion This food poisoning was caused by honey containing gelsemine， with low poisoning dosage and which can be detected from brewing tools.The kidney is one of the metabolic pathways of gelsemine. After 2 h 45 min of consumption， most patients had higher urine gelsemine content than blood， indicating that urine specimen collection should be emphasized.