Deoxynivalenol （DON） is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium， which mainly infects wheat， corn and other grains. It not only causes huge economic losses to the agricultural industry， but also has a potential threat to human and animal health. Therefore， how to efficiently remove DON from grains has always been an urgent problem. Currently， there is good development space in terms of cost and large-scale promotion of the use of microorganisms and their metabolites for biological detoxification of DON. This article makes a detailed description of the harm and detection technology of DON， as well as the research and application of the detoxification mechanism of DON by lactic acid bacteria in recent years， which provides a reference for the biological pest control of DON in grains and feedstuffs by lactic acid bacteria and its large-scale industrial application.