广州市市售预包装白酒18种邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂含量调查与摄入风险评估
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1.广东省疾病预防控制中心;2.广东省生物制品与药物研究所;3.广州市白云区人和镇卫生院;4.广东省公共卫生研究院

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食品安全应急保障关键技术与体系的综合应用示范(2019YFC1606306)


Determination and risk assessment of plasticizer in pre-packaged Chinese white wine of Guangzhou city
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1.Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention;2.Guangdong Provincial Institute of Biological Products and Materia Medica;3.Guangzhou Baiyun District Renhe Town Health Town Center

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    摘要:

    目的 跟踪了解2014年国家公布白酒产品中塑化剂风险评估结果后白酒中塑化剂等污染物的风险控制情况。方法 按照《食品安全国家标准 食品中邻苯二甲酸酯的测定》(GB 5009.271-2016)中的方法要求,采用气相色谱-质谱法测定、外标法对采集样品中的18种塑化剂含量进行定量检测,其中DBP及DEHP的限量参考值分别为1mg/kg、5mg/kg。结果 2021年9月,在广州市采集100份白酒样品,其PAEs塑化剂总体检出率为42%(42/100),超参考值率为7%(7/100)。其中,DBP检出率、超参考值率分别为42%、7%,DEHP分别为18%、0%。卡方检验结果提示,不同采样地点类型和不同生产年份的白酒样品检出率及超参考值率差异有统计学意义,网店较线下实体店、标称2014年及以前生产较2014年以后生产的白酒塑化剂检出率、超参考值率较高。风险评估结果提示,当广东省居民在饮用平均消费量的2014年后生产的白酒,因其白酒中DBP和DEHP含量较低,所造成的健康风险在人体耐受范围内。结论 广州市线下实体店市售白酒PAEs污染现象仍然存在但并不突出,主要风险来源于网购的2014年以前生产的年份白酒。建议当地有关部门加强对网购环节、2014年以前生产的年份白酒的监管,建议消费者从正规渠道购买并关注产品包装信息,减少购买和饮用2014年前生产的白酒。

    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the risk control of plasticizers in Chinese white wine since the risk assessment results of plasticizers in liquor products in 2014 released by The National Health and Family Planning Commission. Methods According to Method for the Determination of Phthalates Esters in Food (GB 5009.271-2016), plasticizers in the collected spirits samples were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, with the detection limit of DBP and DEHP were 1mg/kg and 5mg/kg respectively. Results In 2021, 100 samples of Chinese spirits were collected in Guangzhou. For the total PAEs, the detection rate was 42% (42/100) and the exceeding rate was 7% (7/100). For DBP , the detection and exceeding rate was 42% and 7% . For DEHP, the detection and exceeding rate was 18% and 0%. In addition, the exceeding and detection rate showed significant differences in different sampling sites and different production years, with spirits samples in online stores and produced in 2014 were higher. Health risk assessment suggested that even if residents in Guangdong Province consumed the average consumption of Baijiu after 2014, the actual risk were within the tolerance range of humans due to the low levels of DBP and DEHP in Chinese spirits. Conclusion The pollution of PAEs in offline stores in Guangzhou city still exists but not prominent, and the main risk originated from Baijiu produced before 2014 purchased online. It is suggested that local authorities strengthen the supervision of the online shopping link of the vintage Baijiu produced before 2014, and consumers were recommended to purchase from regular channels and pay attention to product packaging information, and reduce the purchase and drinking of Baijiu produced before 2014.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08
  • 最后修改日期:2024-11-18
  • 录用日期:2025-01-12
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