Objective To investigate a mushroom poisoning incident in Meizhou City， Guangdong Province in 2022， and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures.Methods Epidemiological investigations were carried out on the causes of poisoning， and suspected poisonous mushroom samples were collected for identification， and toxin contents of the mushroom， blood and urine samples were determined.Results In this mushroom poisoning incident， 4 people developed poisoning symptoms after eating wild mushrooms. After treatment， all patients were cured. The mushroom sample was identified as Amanita exitialis. The content of α-amanitin toxin detected in the remaining suspicious samples collected mushroom soup， boiled fruiting bodies， uncooked mushroom residual tissues， and no blood and urine samples were detected α- amanitin.Conclusion This poisoning incident is caused by Amanita exitialis. The local villagers have weak awareness of food safety. It is necessary to strengthen the popularization of wild mushroom knowledge， establish a rapid detection technology system for mushroom poisoning， and reduce the occurrence of mushroom poisoning and death incidents.