2014—2021年山东省学校食源性疾病暴发事件流行特征分析
作者:
作者单位:

1.潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053;2.山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东省预防医学科学院,山东 济南 250014

作者简介:

周亚霖 女 在读研究生 研究方向为公共卫生危机管理 E-mail:759231234@qq.com

通讯作者:

马吉祥 男 主任医师 研究方向为疾病控制与公共卫生 E-mail:majix@163.com

中图分类号:

R155

基金项目:

山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(2014WS0370,2015WS0279,202012021051)


Epidemic characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks on campus in Shandong Province, 2014—2021
Author:
Affiliation:

1.School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Shandong Weifang 261053, China;2.Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Ji’nan 250014, China

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    摘要:

    目的 分析山东省学校食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征,为有效防控学校食源性疾病提供参考依据。方法 收集2014—2021年通过国家食源性疾病暴发监测网报告的山东省学校食源性疾病暴发事件监测数据,对发病时间、发病地区、致病因子、原因食品、引发因素等流行病学特征进行分析。结果 山东省共报告学校食源性疾病暴发事件425起,累计发病5 147例,平均每年643例,住院653例,死亡0例。83.1%(353/425)的暴发事件未确定致病因子,22.4%(95/425)的暴发事件未确定原因食品。微生物因素引起的暴发事件数最多,占已知病因暴发事件的76.4%(55/72)。蜡样芽胞杆菌和沙门菌是最常见的病原体,分别占微生物暴发事件的25.5%(14/55)和21.8%(12/55)。最常见的原因食品为混合食品(18.1%,77/425)、多种食品(15.3%,65/425)、肉与肉制品(13.7%,58/425)和粮食制品(8.9%,38/425);9月是高发月份;引发因素以多因素居多,其次为加工不当、储存不当及误食误用。结论 学校和食品安全管理相关部门应定期开展对食堂从业人员的培训和对学生的食品安全教育,每餐食品严格留样,各部门加强协作,提高事件查明率。

    Abstract:

    Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks on campus in Shandong Province as a reference basis for effective prevention and control of foodborne diseases on campus.Methods The surveillance data of foodborne disease outbreaks on campus in Shandong Province reported by the National Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance Network from 2014 to 2021, were collected. The epidemiological characteristics, such as onset time, onset area, pathogenic factors, causative foods and initiating links, were analyzed.Results A total of 425 foodborne disease outbreaks on campus were reported in Shandong Province, with a total of 5 147 cases, with an average annual incidence of about 643 cases, 653 cases of hospitalization, and 0 cases of death. No pathogenic factors were identified in 83.1% (353/425) of the outbreaks, and no causative food was identified in 22.4% (95/425) of outbreaks. The number of outbreak events caused by microbial factors was the largest, accounting for 76.4% (55/72) of the outbreak events with known etiology. Bacillus cereus and Salmonella were the most common pathogens, accounting for 25.5% (14/55) and 21.8% (12/55) of microbial outbreak events, respectively. The most common reasons were mixed food (18.1%,77/425), a variety of foods (15.3%,65/425), meat and meat products (13.7%,58/425), and grain products (8.9%,38/425). September is the high month; the trigger factors were multiple, followed by improper processing, improper storage and misuse of food.Conclusion Schools and relevant departments of food safety management should conduct regular training for cafeteria staff and food safety education for students, strictly keep food samples for each meal, and strengthen collaboration among all departments to improve incident identification rates.

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周亚霖,庄茂强,田新宇,褚遵华,张天亮,赵金山,王连森,马吉祥.2014—2021年山东省学校食源性疾病暴发事件流行特征分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2023,35(6):934-939.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-09-25
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