Objective To analyze the intake and source of fat and fatty acids of urban residents in Guangdong Province. Methods Residents aged 3 years and above were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method in 5 cities in Guangdong Province from 2017 to 2018, and non-continuous 3 d-24 h retrospective survey was conducted to collect the dietary intake information of the respondents. Results The average daily energy intake and fat intake of urban residents in Guangdong Province were 1671.9 kcal and 69.2 g, and the energy proportion contributed from fat was 39.4%. The energy proportion contributed from fat of urban residents in big cities was higher than that in small and medium-sized cities (39.9% vs 39.0%, P < 0.05). 1.6% of the residents’ energy proportion contributed from fat was lower than 20%, 14.8% of the residents' proportion met the standard, and 83.6% of the residents’ proportion was 20%-30%. Fat intake mainly came from animal food (52.8%) and vegetable oil (30.9%). The proportion of total fat from vegetable oil in small and medium-sized cities was higher than that in large cities (32.7% vs 27.7%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of fat from animal food between the two regions. The total intakes of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in Guangdong Province were 19.3, 27.3 and 13.1 g/d, respectively, with a ratio of 1∶1.4∶0.7. The energy proportion contributed from saturated fatty acids exceeded the dietary reference intake of Chinese residents. Conclusion The energy proportion contributed from fat and saturated fatty acid of urban residents in Guangdong Province were higher than Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes, and the energy proportion contributed from fat and saturated fatty acid were on the rise. The proportion of food sources of fat in different cities was different, and the proportion of food sources of fat in animal meat and its products was higher. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on reducing the consumption of animal food such as animal meat and reducing the intake of fat and saturated fatty acid.