Microplastic is a global pollutant widely existing in the marine and terrestrial environments. The potential health effects of microplastics in food have attracted more and more attentions based on the continuous research. A comprehensive understanding of microplastics in food is very important for food safety and human health. In this paper, the analysis methods, occurrence, exposure and toxicity of microplastics in food are reviewed and the urgent problems needed to be solved are put forward to provide reference for food safety related research. Microplastics are a global pollutant widely existing in the marine and terrestrial environments. The potential health effects of microplastics in food have attracted more and more attentions based on the continuous research. A comprehensive understanding of microplastics in food is very important for food safety and human health. In this paper, the analysis method, occurrence, exposure and toxicity of microplastics in food were reviewed and the urgent problems needed to be solved were put forward to provide reference for food safety related research.