In order to implement the “most rigorous standard” requirements, a national food safety standard system has been established initially covering the food chain from farm to table that is primarily consistent with the Codex Alimentarius standards and regulations in major developed countries. This article systematically reviews the construction process of the most rigorous food safety standard system from the perspectives of the overview, rule construction, standard formulation, system evaluation and future work prospects. Suggestions are provided on how to achieve the goal of reaching the forefront of food safety standards in the world while the work basis of the “14th Five-Year” food safety standard is clarified.