Objective To evaluate the exposure of aflatoxins and their potential health risks of residents in Guangxi. Methods The concentration data of aflatoxins from food safety monitoring in Guangxi in 2013-2017 and the food consumption data from nutrition and health investigation in 2012 were obtained. Based on deterministic assessment model and margin of exposure(MOE), the dietary exposure to projected risks for liver cancer was calculated. Results The average dietary exposure and the highly exposure (P95) of aflatoxins B₁ (AFB₁) were 10.38 and 25.49 ng/kg BW, respectively. The MOE values were 16 and 7, the average risk for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)was 0.37 cases/10⁵ people, and the risk for HCC in highly exposed was 0.92 cases /10⁵ people. It was indicated that the main dietary sources of AFB₁ were vegetable oil(mainly peanut oil), which was contributed more than 72.17%. Assuming that the standard limit was strictly implemented, the average exposure of AFB₁ was 5.13 ng/kg BW, with a 50.58% reduction. Conclusion It should be paid more attention to the potential health risks caused by dietary exposure of AFB₁ of residents in Guangxi, especially the low age group and vegetable oils.