The Central Committee of the Communist Party and State Council attach great importance to people's health. The 19^th Communist Party of China National Congress formulated “implementing the strategy of healthy China”, which is aim to comprehensively improve people's health level and promote people's healthy development. Plenty and proper nutrition of national people is conducive to promoting the health of Chinese people, which is an inevitable requirement for sustainable economic and social development, continuous improvement of the people's sense of gain, happiness and security. It is both the basic condition for decisively building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the common pursuit for all of the people. The article deeply studied and elaborate the strategic significance and current challenges of improvement of national people nutrition, as well as the corresponding measures be taken in next stage. It is hoped that the present article can give some enlightenment to the efforts of further improvement of national nutrition and the boost of health China in future.