Objective The epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Shanxi Province in 2017 were analyzed, and the spatial aggregation of foodborne diseases was explored in order to provide basis for scientific prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Shanxi Province were analyzed by geographic information system technology and descriptive epidemiological method, and the spatial aggregation of foodborne diseases was studied by spatial autocorrelation method. Results In 2017,7 727 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Shanxi Province, with a reported incidence of 7.5/10 000.Male cases were more common than female cases, and the sex ratio was 1.02∶1. The 20-39 age group reported the most cases(27.6%,7 661/27 727). Farmers(40.6%,11 266/27 727) and younger students(13.2%,3 652/27 727) had more cases. The top three suspicious foods were:fruits and products(26.0%,7 207/27 719), cereals and products(17.9%,4 963/27 719), and meats and products(11.6%,3 207/27 719). Households were the most common eating places(73.2%,23 429/31 988). The overall distribution of the disease reported by the three-dimensional trend analysis was:gradually rising from north to south and decreasing from west to east, consistent with the result presented in the reported incidence map. The incidence of foodborne diseases reported a spatial positive correlation, and the high-high gathering areas were Fushan County, Xi County, Daning County, Yonghe County, Gu County and Ji County. Conclusion The incidence of foodborne diseases in Shanxi Province had obvious spatial aggregation.