2014—2016年济南市哨点医院食源性诺如病毒感染病例流行病学特征分析
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(济南市疾病预防控制中心,山东 济南 250021)

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杨丽 女 医师 研究方向为食源性疾病的预防控制 E-mail:sduyangli2012@126.com通信作者:┣┣(中)通信作者┫┫孙延斌 男 主任医师 研究方向为食品安全风险监测及评估 E-mail:shipinsyb@163.com

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Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of Norovirus infection in foodborne diarrhea cases in Jinan City,2014-2016
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(Jinan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Jinan 250021,China)

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    摘要:

    目的 了解济南市哨点医院食源性散发腹泻病例中诺如病毒感染类型以及流行病学状况和临床特征。方法 采集2014年1月—2016年12月济南市2家食源性疾病主动监测哨点医院的腹泻病例粪便标本,并收集病例的临床症状资料和流行病学资料。结果 共收集1 292份病例标本,诺如病毒阳性率为18.58%(240/1 292),其中GII基因型占75.42%(181/240)。不同性别的诺如病毒感染病例以及GI和GII基因型病例阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2种基因型各年龄段阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.912,P<0.001;χ2=42.285,P<0.001)。第一和第四季度诺如病毒阳性率高于其他季度,具有季节性分布特点。240例诺如病毒阳性病例中以单纯腹泻症状为主(54.17%,130/240),其次为腹泻+呕吐症状(18.75%,45/240);腹泻强度以中度腹泻为主(38.75%,93/240),平均腹泻频次为5.82次/d,粪便性状均以水样便为主(93.75%,225/240)。诺如病毒阳性病例出现呕吐症状的比例为30.00%(72/240),呕吐频次以1~2次/d居多。可疑暴露食物种类以肉与肉制品所占比例最高,其次为水产动物及其制品和乳及乳制品,占比分别为20.00%(48/240)、18.33%(44/240)和15.00%(36/240)。结论 济南市食源性散发腹泻病例诺如病毒感染类型以GII基因型为主,全年流行且具有明显的季节性,婴幼儿为易感人群。应针对诺如病毒感染的季节性特点,以及暴露人群易感程度的差异和暴露食品种类不同的特点,加强食源性散发腹泻病例的监测、识别和防控。

    Abstract:

    Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Norovirus in foodborne diarrhea cases in Jinan. Methods Fecal specimens, data of clinical symptoms and epidemiologic records were collected from two active monitoring sentinel hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 in Jinan. Results Totally 1 292 specimens of cases were collected. The positive rate was 18.58% (240/1 292), of which GII type accounted for 75.42%(181/240). There were no gender difference in the positive rate of positive cases, GI and GII cases (P>0.05); There were significant differences between age groups in positive rates of two genotypes (χ2=27.912,P<0.001;χ2=42.285, P<0.001). The detection rate of Norovirus in the first and fourth quarters were higher than the other quarters, with seasonal distribution characteristics. The main symptom was simple diarrhea in 240 positive cases (54.17%,130/240), followed by diarrhea + vomiting symptoms (18.75%,45/240). The intensity of diarrhea was normally moderate, and the average frequency of diarrhea was 5.82 times/day. The fecal were mainly water samples, which accounted for 93.75%(225/240). The radio of vomiting symptoms was about 30.00%(72/240)in virus-positive cases, and the vomiting frequency was mainly 1-2 times/day. The most frequent suspected exposure food was meat products, followed by sea food and dairy products. Conclusion The main type of Norovirus was GII genotype in foodborne diarrhea cases in Jinan. Norovirus was popular throughout the year with seasonal distribution characteristics. Infants were the most susceptible group. And simple diarrhea and diarrhea + vomiting symptoms were the main clinical symptoms of Norovirus infection. The monitoring, identification and prevention of foodborne diarrhea cases should be improved according to the seasonal characteristics, the different susceptible population and the different characteristics of the suspected food.

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杨丽,段德水,孙婷,刘守钦,孙延斌.2014—2016年济南市哨点医院食源性诺如病毒感染病例流行病学特征分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2018,30(3):264-269.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-03-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-06-20
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