To study the distribution characteristics and correlation of the pathogenicity island of the foodborne Salmonella.Methods The Salmonella isolates were collected from commercial food, commercial raw chicken, and food poisoning samples. The serotype of Salmonella was determined by serology agglutinating method. SPI gene core protein genes SPI1-SPI5 of Salmonella were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The data were statistically analyzed. Results Among the 152 isolates, Salmonella enteritidis was the most common serotype. There were different pathogenicity island type spectrums from different sources. The highest rate of SPI1 was detected in food poisoning strains. SPI1 carrying rate of raw chicken isolates was significantly higher than other commercially foods.Conclusion Salmonella pathogenicity island type spectrum distribution related to the strain of different sources, pathogenicity island gene SPI1 was positively correlated with the food poisoning caused by Salmonella. There is a potential risk of food poisoning caused by raw chicken.