陶瓷食具容器卫生标准中重金属分析方法的改进研究
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梁春穗 男 主任技师 研究方向为食品理化检验 E-mail: liangchunsui@ yahoo. com. cn

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Improving Analytical Methods for Ceramic Food Containers in National Hygienic Standard
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    摘要:

    目的对CB/T 5009. 62-2003《陶瓷食具容器卫生标准的分析方法》进行修订和补充,并为修订CJB 13121-1991《陶瓷食具容器卫生标准》提供技术支持。方法 建议在新修订的(;B/T 5009. 62中保留火焰原子吸 收光谱法( FAAS);删除双硫腙比色法(DSMP);增加电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法 ( GFAAS)。通过开展方法学研究和实验室间比对实验,优化了ICP-MS和CFAAS的检测条件和技术参数。结果 采用ICP-MS和CFAAS测定陶瓷食具容器中铅溶出量的定量限(LOQ)分别为1.0和2.5μgL;测定镉溶出量的定 量限(LOQ)均为0.1μg/L;测定铅的实验室间加标回收率为89.0% - 114% (ICP-MS)和88.2% - 110% (GFAAS); 测定镉的实验室间加标回收率为86. 2% - 94. 0%( ICP-MS)和90.0% - 108%( GFAAS),应用ICP-MS和GFAAS 对60份产地不同的陶瓷食具容器样品进行铅、镉溶出量检测,经配对样品£检验计算表明结果差异无统计学意义。 结论采用ICP-MS和GFAAS测定痕量铅、镉是目前最先进的分析技术,具有很高的灵敏度和准确度。ICP-MS可 同时检测陶瓷食具容器中各种金属离子的溶出迁移情况。鉴于新修订的GB/T 13121会对不同生产工艺和类型的 产品分别制定更严格的铅、镉溶出限量指标,故将以上两种分析技术引入(;B/T 5009. 62十分必要。

    Abstract:

    Objective To revise CB/T 5009. 62-2003 and provide technical support for the revision of GB13121- 1991 Hygienic .standardfor ceramicfood containers. Method It is suggested to keep flame atomic absorption spectrometry ( FAAS) in, remove dithizone colorimetry (DSMP) from, add inductively coupled plasma mass spectroruetry (ICP-MS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry ( GFAAS) to the latest edition of GB/T 5009. 62. The de.tecting conditions and technical parameters for ICP-MS and CJFAAS were optimized through researches on methodology and inter- laboratory comparison. Results The migration of lead and cadmium from ceramic food containers were detected by ICP-MS and GFAAS. The limit of quantitation ( LOQ) of lead was l. 0 μg/L ( as ICP-MS) and 2. 5μgL ( as GFAAS) , and the LOQ of cadmium was 0. IμgL ( both ICP-MS and GFAAS). The recovery rate of adding standards of lead rates were 89. 0% -1140-/o ( as ICP-MS) and 88. 2c/o -110% ( as GFAAS) , and the recovery rates of adding standards of cadmium were 86. 2% -94. 0% ( as ICP-MS) and 90. 0% -108% ( as CFAAS) in the inter-laboratory. The migration of lead and cadruium from 60 ceramic food container samples produced from different origins were tested by ICP-MS and (;FAAS, no statistically significant differences between these two methods were observed by paired t-test. Conclusion ICP-MS and CFAAS are the most advanced analytical technology with high sensitivity and acc:uracy in detecting trace amount of lead and cadmium. The migration of many trace metals released from ceramic surface could be detected at the same time by ICP-MS. As the GB/T 13121 is going to be revised, more stringent limits for the migration of lead and cadmium from products made by different technologies might be stipulated. Introducing ICP-MS and GFAAS to GB/T 5009. 62 is necessary.

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梁春穗,胡曙光,梁旭霞,李海,王晶.陶瓷食具容器卫生标准中重金属分析方法的改进研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2010,22(3):214-219.

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  • 收稿日期:2009-11-02
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