Abstract:Since the 18th CPC National Congress, food safety issues have been highly valued by the Party Central Committee and the State Council and the situation of food safety has continued to improve in China. But the uncertainty of unknown food safety risks is still increasing. The outbreaks of the Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia happened nationwide in 2020 warned that we should strengthen ability of early identification and warning of major risks and develop mechanisms in food safety work. The present paper mainly studies the issues of institutional guarantees, operating mechanisms, and capacity building on food risk rapid identification and alert system. And some advice on strengthening this system are proposed.

Abstract:Objective To study the genotoxicity of sodium dehydroacetate (Na-DHA). Methods Five strains of Salmonella Typhimurium (TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535) were used with the presence and absence of S9 in bacterial reverse mutation test. Bacteria were treated with Na-DHA at the dose levels of 1 667,556,185,62,21 μg/plate. Both negative and positive controls were set. The number of revertant colonies per plate were counted. Kunming mice used for micronucleus test were treated with Na-DHA at 549.0,275.0 and 137.0 mg/kg BW by gavage twice a day with a 24 h interval. The femurs of mice were removed at 6 h after the second gavage. The numbers of red blood cell(RBC), polychromatic erythrocytes(PCE) and micronucleus(MN) were observed. The PCE/RBC and MN/PCE(the incidence of micronucleus) were calculated. Chinese hamster ovary(CHO)cells were treated with Na-DHA (2 000,1 000,500 μg/ml) in the presence and absence of S9 for 6 or 24 h. Three hundred well-spread metaphases per group were scored, following the incidence of chromosomal aberration recorded. Results No significant difference in the number of mutant colonies of TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535 between the treated groups and the negative control group (P>0.05).The incidence of micronucleus in each dose group was not significantly different from that in the negative control group (P>0.05).No significant difference in the incidence of CHO cell chromosome aberration between the dose group and the negative control group (P>0.05). The mutant colony number, the incidence of micronucleus and the incidence of chromosome aberration in the three tests were significantly lower than that in the positive control groups, with statistically significant differences(P<0.01). Conclusion No genotoxicity of Na-DHA was found in vivo nor in vitro.

Abstract:Objective To validate the feasibility of genotoxicity assessment of food ingredients using high-content screening (HCS) in vitro micronucleus (IVMN) assays. Methods Two IVMN methods were used to evaluate the genotoxicity of ten compounds, including five known genotoxic compounds (clastogens and aneugens), one known non-genotoxic compound and four food ingredients. At least three concentrations of each compound and two parallels were set. No serum minimum essential medium(MEM)was treated as negative control. 20 μg/ml cyclophosphamide and 1.0 μg/ml mitomycin C was treated as positive controls. With and without metabolic activation, Chinese hamster lung(CHL)cells were treated with ten test compounds for 4 h. And the frequency of micronuclei was analyzed. Results The frequencies of micronuclei, which were obtained by conventional IVMN and HCS IVMN assay, induced by benzo(a)pyrene (dose range from 2.5 to 10 μg/ml), methyl methanesulphonate (dose range from 5 to 20 μg/ml), 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (dose range from 0.01 to 0.04 μg/ml), colchicine (dose range from 0.25 to 1.0 μg/ml), and vinblastine sulfate (dose range from 0.5 to 2.0 μg/ml) were significantly different with negative controls(P<0.05), and there was a obvious dose-response relationship. The frequencies of micronuclei induced by sodium chloride (dose range from 1 250 to 5 000 μg/ml), food ingredient A (dose range from 1 250 to 5 000 μg/ml), food ingredient B (dose range from 1 250 to 5 000 μg/ml), food ingredient C (dose range from 312.5 to 1 250 μg/ml), and food ingredient D (dose range from 156.25 to 625 μg/ml) showed a gradual upward trend in dose-response curve. Compared with negative controls, the differences of the result were not statistically significant(P>0.05). Conclusion In this study, the result of HCS IVMN assays were accordance to that of traditional IVMN assay. It was revealed that the genotoxicity assessment of food ingredients using HCS IVMN method was feasible.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate whether the Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. powder had reproductive toxicity to the SD rat and whether it was teratogenic to theembryo, perform toxicological evaluation of its safety, and provide the basis of the toxicology safety for the development of food additive. Methods Pregnant rats were randomly divided into negative control group, positive control group, Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. powder sample high-dose group, middle dose group and low-dose group (2.50,1.25 and 0.60 g/kg BW respectively),using the teratogenic test method in GB 15193.14-2015. The test substance was orally administered on the 6th to 15th day of conception, and was administered by intragastric administration. The vehicle control group was intragastrically administered with the same amount of pure water; the positive control group was intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide 15 mg/kg. The pregnant rats were sacrificed on the 20th day of pregnancy, and the abnormalities of the fetal rats were examined, dissected and recorded. Results The groups intervened with Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. powder showed no producematernal toxicity,mbryonic toxicity nor teratogenicity,compared with the negative control group. No significant abnormality was found in the indicators, and the overall analysis did not have a dose-response relationship. The positive control group showed obvious embryonic toxicity and teratogenicity. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was 2.50 g/kg BW. Conclusion In the dose range of this experimental study, there was no teratogenic effect in the sample of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. powder.

Abstract:Objective To study the serotype distribution and drug resistance of Salmonella isolates from diarrhea cases in Zhongshan City from 2016 to 2017. Methods Serotype of 540 strains of Salmonella spp. was determined from diarrhea cases monitored and isolated in Zhongshan City from 2016 to 2017. Furthermore, broth microdilution method was used for drug sensitivity test. Results 540 Salmonella strains isolated in Zhongshan City from 2016 to 2017 covered 59 serotypes and there were 22 common serotypes. Among them, the dominant serotypes were monophasic variant of S.Typhimurium (41.9%, 226/540), S.Enteritidis (13.1%, 71/540), S.Typhimurium (9.3%, 50/540) and S.Stanley (9.3%, 50/540), accounting for 73.5%(397/540) of the total strains. Drug susceptibility test showed that the resistance rate of Salmonella to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam and tetracycline was higher than 50.0%. However, resistance to cephalosporins varies considerably. The drug resistance rates of cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefoxitin were 34.1%(184/540), 25.7%(139/540), 12.2%(66/540) and 1.5%(8/540), respectively. In addition, all Salmonella strains were sensitive to imipenem, while S.Stanley was sensitive to six antibiotics. The multiple drug resistance rate was 65.4%(353/540). The multidrug resistance rates of the 4 dominant serotypes of monophasic variant of S.Typhimurium, S.Enteritidis, S.Typhimurium and S.Stanley were 82.7%(187/226), 56.3%(40/71), 72.0%(36/50) and 16.0%(8/50) respectively. And there was significant difference in the rate of multiple drug resistance (P<0.05).Conclusion Salmonella isolates from diarrhea cases in Zhongshan City show biodiversity. Salmonella has a high rate of multiple drug resistance, among which monophasic variant of S.Typhimurium is the most serious strain, which should be paid attention to.

Abstract:Objective To develop an analytical method for determination of seven trace neonicotinoid pesticides in milk by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Methods The samples were extracted, enriched and cleaned up using acetonitrile-water based on cold-induced liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) method. The chromatographic separation of analytes was conducted on an HSS T3 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) using acetonitrile-water system as the mobile phase with gradient elution. The analytes were detected by high resolution mass spectrometry using target single ion monitoring mode and the internal standard method was used as the quantitative analysis. Results Seven neonicotinoid pesticides showed a good linearity in a certain concentration range with relative coefficient of R²>0.999. Limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 3-7 ng/L, and limits of quantitation (LOQs) were between 8 and 20 ng/L. At the spiked levels of 20,100, 1 000 ng/L, the average recoveries of analytes in milk were between 89.4%-105.7%, with the intra-day precision (RSD_r) of 0.8%-6.4% and the inter-day precision (RSDR) less than 11.0%. Conclusion Cold-induced LLE and DSPE method allows one-step sample preparation. This method demonstrates a rapid, simple and low-cost pretreatment with high sensitivity and good reproducibility, which is suitable for trace analysis of neonicotinoid pesticides in milk.

Abstract:Objective To establish a method for determination of dithiocarbamates (DTCs) pesticide residue in edible fungi by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with solvent absorption. Methods DTCs pesticide residues in samples were decomposed to carbon disulfide (CS₂) by SnCl₂-HCl solution under heating condition, the liberated CS2 was absorbed by hexane and then determined by GC-MS. Results Accuracy and precision were assessed by adding CS₂ standard solution in edible fungi at three concentration levels (0.025,0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg).The average spiked recoveries were in the range of 94.8%-109%.The relative standard deviation of precision was from 3.7%-5.5%(n=3). The limits of detection were 0.01 mg/kg and the limits of quantitation were 0.02 mg/kg. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and reliable. It can be applicable to determination of DTCs pesticide residue in edible fungi.

Abstract:Objective A simple and sensitive method for the determination of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) in plasma and urine by ion chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (IC-MS/MS) was established. Methods Plasma and urine samples were extracted with aqueous solution containing 3% perchloric acid, and then the extract was centrifuged to remove the protein and lipids. The target analyte in the extract was cleaned-up by solid supported liquid/liquid extraction under pH=1-2,and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) was used as eluent. After the MTBE was removed by nitrogen,the 3-NPA in the residues was dissolved into water. The separation of 3-NPA was carried out on a Dionex Ionpac AS19 analytic column (250 mm×2 mm, 7.5 μm) with gradient elution using KOH solution electrolytically generated from on-line eluent generation cartridge. Before the eluent flow entered the ion source of mass spectrometer,the potassium ion in the eluent was removed by an in-line suppressor. The 3-NPA was detected by negative electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Results The result showed that the correlation coefficients of linear calibration cuve of 3-NPA were above 0.999 at the corresponding concentration ranges of 0.1-250 μg/L. The average recoveries were 92.0%-114% for 3-NPA in plasma and urine with relative standard deviations of 2.0%-12% (n=6). The limits of detection of 3-NPA(S/N=3)were 0.1 μg/L.Conclusion The method is simple, sensitive and accurate, and can be used for the determination of 3-NPA in plasma and urine.

Abstract:Objective To establish an analysis method for detecting 9 sweeteners including acesulfame, sodium saccharin, cyclamate, aspartame, sucralose, neotame, alitame, stevioside and steviobioside in spirits by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Methods After the sample was heated by boiling water bath to remove ethanol, it was detected by UPLC-MS/MS. The sweeteners were separated by UPLC with water (containing 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate)-methanol gradient elution in a HSS T3 chromatography column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm), and qualified/quantified by mass spectrometry with electron spray ionization multiple reaction monitoring mode. Results The linearity of the 9 sweeteners in the range was good, and the correlation coefficient was above 0.999. The recovery of the method was 85.2%-102.8%, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.8%-7.3%. The detection limit was 0.3-1.5 μg/kg. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid and reproducible, and can be used for the detection of 9 sweeteners in spirits.

Abstract:The current Food Safety Law only stipulates in principle the mandatory labeling of genetically modified foods, which makes the current regulations still too vague, incomplete, and prone to problems in practice. By sorting out the legislation on the labeling management of genetically modified foods, we believe that the labeling of genetically modified foods in China adopts the principle of mandatory labeling based on products and processes, and implements a process-centric compulsory labeling system in a negotiation-construction mode. There are still problems such as unclear definition of genetically modified foods, the main body of the labeling, the vague content, and unclear responsibilities are unclear. Finally, in view of the deficiencies and omissions in the current legislative level of genetically modified food labeling management, corresponding improvements are proposed.

Abstract:Objective A case-control study on Clostridium spp.contamination on infant population and infant formula powdered was carried out, the data on Clostridium spp. exposure in some parts of China was obtained. Methods Epidemiological information and samples were collected from 6 locations in 6 provinces in China. The isolation and identification, of Clostridium spp. were performed. Results Totally 501 infants were investigated. Among them, 247 were exclusive breastfeeding and 254 were mixed feeding. According to the month grouping, 367 were 0-6 months and 134 were 7-12 months. A total of 813 samples were collected. After testing, 246 strains of Clostridium spp. were obtained and the positive rate was 30.3% (246/813). C.sporogenes (8.4%,68/813), C.bifermentans (6.2%,50/813) and C.butyricum (4.6%,37/813) had the highest detection rate.37.3%(187/501) of the stool samples were Clostridium spp. positive, followed by 22.3%(27/121) of the infant formula powder, 19.5%(25/128) of the environmental swab and 11.1%(7/63) of the food samples. The detection rate of Clostridium spp. in mixed feeding group was significantly higher than that of breast-feeding group(χ²=40.833,P＜0.01), and 7-12-month-old group was significantly higher than that of 0-6 months group(χ²=27.829,P＜0.01). Conclusion There was a high exposure level of Clostridium spp. in food and environment in infant population in some parts of China.

Abstract:Objective To study the distribution, virulence genes, drug sensitivity and molecular characteristic of Bacillus cereus in five foods in Haikou area. Methods The Bacillus cereus strains were isolated from different foods including pastries, milk powder, fast food, Hainan rice noodles and its ingredients, collected from Haikou area, according to the standard GB 4789.14-2014. The specific gene groEL and 10 virulence genes were detected by general polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The sensitivity to antibiotics of isolates was performed with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of strains were analyzed. Results 197 strains of B.cereus were isolated from 626 food samples and the positive rate of B.cereus was 31.5%. In particular, most of B.cereus strains were isolated from Hainan rice noodles, accounting for 63.1%(140/222). All isolates carried at least one virulence gene, the rate of entFM gene was the highest, up to 99.0%(195/197). On the contrary, ces gene was the lowest at 2.5%(5/197) only. There were 175 (88.8%) strains that carried genes of nheA,nheB and nheC simultaneously. There were 27 (13.7%) strains that carried genes of hblA,hblC and hblD simultaneously. The sensitive rate of strains towards gentamicin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin were 100.0%(197/197), 100.0%(197/197), 99.5%(196/197) and 92.9%(183/197), respectively. And the resistance rate of strains towards penicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 100.0%(197/197) and 90.9%(179/197), respectively. The PFGE result showed 30 clusters and 117 genotypes. Conclusion The positive rate of Bacillus cereus in five foods in Haikou area was relatively high, especially in Hainan rice noodles, which should arouse attention and close observation. Targeted prevention and control measures can be carried out according to the characteristics of virulence genes, molecular typing and antibiotic sensitivity of the strains.

Abstract:Objective To understand the hygienic status of cereal-based complementary foods (CBCFs) for infants and young children (IYC) in Henan Province and therefore provide basic data for food safety risk assessment and standard formulation. Methods Sampling and testing were performed according to the method provided in the work manual of 2018 national food pollutants and hazardous factors risk monitoring. 103 samples of CBCF for infants and young children IYC were collected in Henan Province, and then the contamination of Enterobacteriaceae, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Cronobacter were detected, respectively. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the suspicious colonies. Results The detection rates of Enterobacteriaceae and Cronobacter in 103 samples were 0.97%(1/103) and 5.83%(6/103), respectively. They were all detected in ready-to-eat CBCFs for IYC from convenience stores/retail stores, mainly produced in Jiangxi and Fujian Provinces. Five of the six Cronobacter positive samples were labeled before the initial stage of supplementary food addition. The quantitative result of Bacillus cereus in the range of 10-10³ CFU/g were obtained in 9 samples, with a detection rate of 8.74%(9/103), which were produced from Guangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian, Heilongjiang and Sichuan Provinces. The sampling sites were supermarkets and convenience stores/retail stores, of which 8 were ready-to-eat CBCFs for IYC. Conclusion The CBCFs for IYC sold in Henan Province, especially the ready-to-eat CBCFs for IYC, were contaminated by Cronobacter and Bacillus cereus. Most of these positive products targeted the population at the beginning of the supplementary foods, which might result in greater food safety risks. It was suggested that the microbial requirements of Cronobacter and Bacillus cereus should be added to the ready-to-eat CBCFs for IYC, which could reduce the potential food safety problems.

Abstract:Objective To study on the contamination status of foodborne pathogens in frozen minced meat products on the market. Methods China national standard method was applied to detect Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. Totally 3 905 frozen minced meat product samples were randomly collected. Results 536 positive samples were detected in 3 905 frozen minced meat products samples. The overall detection rate of the three pathogens was 13.73%. The detection rate of Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. was 5.71%(223/3 905), 8.32%(325/3 905)and 0.72%(28/3 905), respectively. The detection rate of Salmonella spp. in frozen minced pork was the highest among different kinds of samples. The detection rate of Salmonella spp. in frozen meat products in unpackaged samples was higher than that in packaged samples. The main reasons for the pollution include:firstly, food raw materials were polluted; secondly, there were many processing steps, and their quality control was not strictly performed; thirdly, it was difficult to guarantee the cold chain of frozen minced meat products in transportation. Conclusion There was pathogenic contamination in frozen minced meat products on the market. The hygienic situation need to be improved.

Abstract:Objective The epidemiological characteristics and patterns of foodborne disease events in Nanping City were analyzed to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of foodborne disease. Methods Foodborne disease incidents reported from all over Nanping City during 1998 and 2017 were collected, and a retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted. Results A total of 184 foodborne disease incidents were reported in Nanping, with 2 871 cases and 40 deaths, with an annual average incidence of 5.12/100 000 and a case fatality rate of 1.39%.The peak season for foodborne illness was the third quarter, with the highest number of incidents and deaths in August. The number of incidents and patients with the largest number were pathogenic microbial events, accounting for 43.48%(80/184) and 64.86%(1 862/2 871) respectively. Toxic plant accounted for 35.87%(66/184) and 10.80%(310/2 871).The most common pathogenic factor was the accidental eating of poisonous mushrooms, accounting for 29.89%(55/184). Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the second factor, accounting for 12.50%(23/184).The most fatal cases were from mushroom, accounting for 87.50%(35/40). Family were the most occurred site, accounted for 39.13%(72/184), and 66.67%(48/72) were caused by toxic plants. Hotels and restaurants accounted for 22.28%(41/184) and 80.49%(33/41) were pathogenic microorganisms. Conclusion The control strategy of foodborne disease events in Nanping should focus on reducing wild mushroom poisoning and changing bad eating habits, carrying out a wide range of food safety education in vulnerable seasons, months and regions, establishing an effective early warning, monitoring and government supervision mechanism, and reducing the occurrence of foodborne disease.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the risks of dietary exposure of diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) to 2-6 years children in China using RISK21, so as to provide risk management strategy for phthalic acid esters (PAEs). Methods RISK PLOT module was used to analyze and rank risks, with toxicity as Y-axis and exposure as X-axis and margin of exposure (MOE) and uncertainty factor as parameters. Matrix calculation was conducted, risks level and rank of 7 kinds of PAEs to 2-6 years children were illustrated by visualized graphs. TTC PLOT module was used to analyze risks of DMP, DEP and DIBP, which were lacking of toxicity data. Results RISK PLOT showed that the risks of 7 kinds of PAEs for general population located in the green area, which demonstrated that they had low risk to 2-6 years children, and the risks of high food consumption population ranked in descending order were DBP, DIBP, DEHP, DMP, DEP, DINP and BBP. TTC PLOT showed that the risks of DMP, DEP and DIBP were lower than the corresponding threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) that demonstrated low risks. Conclusion RISK21 framework and tools could be a very useful tool for risk assessment and further risk management, and low risks of dietary exposure of 7 kinds of PAEs to 2-6 years children in China by RISK21 analyzing.

Abstract:Objective To study the application of risk assessment in the prevention and control of health risk of inorganic arsenic in rice. Methods Taking the health effect assessment of inorganic arsenic from rice and the existing possible interventions or control measures on local population in A county as an example. The detection data, consumption survey data, bioavailability and dose-response relationship model were combined, and @RISK 7.5 was used for probability assessment of the risk of bladder cancer and lung cancer in the general population in different scenarios. Results In the normal limit and consumption scenario, the number of new bladder and lung cancer cases after 25 years is 0.045 cases per 10⁵ population per year. This was almost negligible (about 0.021 5%) compared with new cases by all causes after 25 years(about 209.2 cases per 10⁵ population per year). The resulting loss in average life expectancy was approximately 0.000 529 years/0.193 1 days. Acceptable levels and the possible reintervention or control measures had little impact on the risk. Even assuming that both the inorganic arsenic limit and rice consumption were reduced by half, the incidence of lung cancer only fell by 2.16%. Conclusion The study showed that changing the consumption structure and/or national standard limits had little significance to reduce the risk of inorganic arsenic in rice, and the current hypothetical scenario also had great limitations and uncertainties, but provided a framework for integration, evaluation and application of new information in the public health.

Abstract:Objective To understand the cadmium pollution in aquatic products of fish, shellfish,shrimp and crab, analyze the seasonal difference of cadmium content in the above aquatic products, classify the level of cadmium pollution and assess the health risks. Methods Totally 1 554 samples of commercial aquatic products were collected and the cadmium content in aquatic products was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The difference of cadmium concentration between seasons were compared through descriptive analysis. Pollution index(Pi) methodology was employed to evaluate the pollution level of aquatic products. The provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) of cadmium was taken as the reference value to assess the health risks of aquatic products. Results The average concentration of cadmium in 1 554 aquatic products was 0.116 4 mg/kg. The total detection rate was 45.56% (708/1 554), including 86.26% (496/575) of shellfish, 66.43% (93/140) of crabs, 32.48% (102/314) of shrimps and 3.24% (17/525) of fish. The total violation rate was 1.74%(27/1 554), of which crabs were 7.86% (11/140), shrimps were 2.87% (9/314), shellfish were 1.22% (7/575), fish were 0.00% (0/525). The result of pollution index indicated that crabs were lightly polluted in autumn (Pi=0.36), moderately polluted in spring and winter (Pi were 0.70 and 0.89 respectively), and the other aquatic products were clean in each season. The result of health risk assessment showed that at the general intake level, the maximum percentage of estimated monthly intake (EMI) in PTMI of various aquatic products in different seasons was 0.35%, while at the high intake level, the maximum percentage was 49.33%. Conclusion There were some differences of the violation rate of cadmium in aquatic products between seasons. The cadmium pollution was the lightest in summer. Except for crabs, which had light or moderate pollution level, the other kinds of aquatic products were clean. Either at the general level or high level of intake, the health risks of cadmium exposure caused by taking aquatic products was relatively low.

Abstract:Objective To achieve a high degree of process-oriented and automated decision-making on food safety risk assessment and data fusion among various business units. Methods Establish a temporal model library covering method such as dietary exposure assessment, hazard factor assessment, and spatio-temporal clustering detection, which can automatically connect to the basic data of each link of food traceability to obtain corresponding data, and calculate the risk assessment result through the selected risk assessment model construct a risk assessment matrix. Based on extract-transform-load (ETL) technology and data analysis algorithm implemented by R language, the basic data warehouse, risk assessment model base and risk decision support system were integrated. Results The establishment of a food safety risk assessment decision-making system would effectively resolve the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive traditional data assessment and data cleaning difficulties. Based on the electronization of the original risk assessment process, the model input, calculation, and output would be integrated, and multi-year historical monitoring would be integrated to quickly customize the risk assessment research scenarios for harmful factors in common food categories. Conclusion This platform help improve the work efficiency of relevant business personnel, and promote data exchange and collaborative sharing between business units.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the current situation of food safety enterprise standards filing in different provinces of China, and analyze of the advantages and disadvantages of each provincial record-keeping mode, the reference for improving the standard filing of food safety enterprise in China were provided. Methods The information of food safety enterprise standard filing time limit, online filing situation, publicity, filing content, expert review, filing department and so on were collected, collated and analyzed through the provincial government service network, Health Commission official network, food safety standard filing information network. Results The archival records of 31 provinces in China were collected, 26 provinces formulated operational guidelines; the time limit for archival filing ranged from 3 to 69 working days, with an average of 30.6 working days; 19 provinces put the record online; 23 provinces publicized the enterprise standard before filing; 31 provinces publicized the enterprise standard after filing; 30 provinces filed complete standard texts; 13 provinces did not require expert review; 16 provinces required expert review; 13 provinces had decentralized their filing authority. Conclusion All 31 provinces in China had started the work of food safety enterprise standards filing but there were great differences in filing time limit, online filing, publicity, filing content, expert review, filing department, etc. The main problems were that the filing time limit was too long, the online filing was not popularized, the system of publicity before and after filing was not implemented.

Abstract:The sources and transmission routes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli(STEC) in edible agricultural products are analyzed. And the relationship between STEC contamination and food safety in home kitchen is discussed. The current supervision of STEC in edible agricultural products around the world is introduced. The solution and suggestion for the control of STEC in the home kitchen of China are proposed.