Abstract:Objective To investigate the protective mec,hanism of soybean isoflavones ( SIF) against the inflammatory impairment in the brain of rats induced by [3-amyloid peptidel-42 (A[31-42). Methods Based on the body weight of rats, 32 healthy Wistar rats ( male, aged 3 months) were randomly divided into four groups ( control, A[3, SIF +A[3 and SIF groups). The inflammatory impairment model was established by injecting A[3142 (10肛g) into the lateral cerebral ve,ntricle of rats with micropump for 14 days. The rats in SIF + A[3 and SIF groups were treatecl with SIF ( 80 mg/kg bw) per day by gavaging for 14 days before the injection of A[3, while the rats in control group and A[3 group were treated with 0.5 % CMC-Na. On the 15'h day after A[3 injection, the rats were killed for the mRNA and protein expression of interleukin-1[3 ( 11-1 [3) , inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) and interleukin-10 ( IL-10) in brain tissue tested hy RT- PCR and western blot. Results Comparing with the A[3 group, the mRNA and protein expression of IL-1[3, iNOS and IL- 10 0f SIF treated groups were decreased significantly ( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The expression of IL-1[3, iNOS ancl IL-10 at gene and peotein level could be down-regulated by soy isoflavones, therefore the inflammatory damage induc:ed by A[31- 42 was inhibitd.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the antimicrobial resistances of Li.steria mon,ocytogen,en,s isolated from food in China. Methods The susceptibility of 1 069 strains of Listeria mon,ocytogen,es isolated from foocl t0 15 antibiotics currently used in veterinary and human therapy were tested. Susceptibility tests were performed by using broth mic:rodilution susceptihility test in Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results Among the 1 069 tested strains, the resistance to one kind of antibiotics was 33 (3. 1% ) , to two kinds of antibiotics was 38 (3. 6% ) and to three kinds of antibiotics was 3 (0. 28% ). The foods with the highest antibiotic resistance rate were frozen ric:e and flour products. Among the 22 provinces, Cansu, Jilin and Fujian were the three top provinces with the highest antibiotic resistance rates of 27. 3% , 20. 4% and 17. 4% , respectively. Conclusion Foodborn Listeria m,onotogenen,.s strains in China are susceptible to the antibiotics commonly used in veterinary and clinical medicine. Considering the emergence of antimicrobial resistance of Lisiteria monocytogen,es is slow, continued surveillance and management of the clinical and veterinary use of antibiotics to reduc:e the resistant strains is important.

Abstract:Objective To understand the serotypes and the sensitivities of foodborne Salmon,ella to antibiotic in Shandong province from 2003 t0 2010, and to provide a basis for policy making on the rational use of drugs in clinical ancl veterinary medicine. Methods The identification of Salmon,ella strains and serotypes was based on GB/T 4789-2008. The antiruicrobial susceptibility of the isolated strains was determined and judged by the mini broth dilution technique rec:ommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute ( CLSI). Results The serotypes of 120 Salmon,ella strains which had been identified in Shandong were belonged t0 5 groups (8 subgroups) and 24 serotypes. S. Enteritidis and S. Derby were the ruost common strains; and ,_S. Chwarzengrund, S. Wien, S. Blegdam, S. Muenster and S. Ughelli were detected in Shandong province for the first time. The degree of resistance of 126 Salmonella strains t0 14 antibiotics was different with the highest resistance to naliclixic acid (61. 900/o ) , and followed by tetracycline (33. 33% ) , ampicillin (31. 75% ) and sulfadiazine ( 26. 19% ). The most sensitive antibiotic is cefepime (5. 37% ) , following by amikacin (9. 52% ) and c:iprofloxacin ( 10. 32% ) . Conclusion The situation on the resistance of foodborne Salmon,ella is serious in Shandong province. It is necessary to strengthen the manageruent of using antibiotics in animal husbandry. Reasonahlesteps should he taken by relevant departments from the source of food chain on animal food production to ensure food safety.

Abstract:Objective To obtain active Salmonella typhimurium strains with resistance to sarafloxacin hydrochloride in vitro and investigate the lowest concentration of sarafloxacin that can cause the resistance of Salmonella typhimurium, which could provide the basis for the evaluation of microhial resistance caused by sarafloxacin residues in food. Methods In inducing the drug resistance of Salmonella typhimurium, the concentration of standard hydrochloric acid sarafloxacin in culture media was 0 μg/ml in blank control group and 0.001, 0.002 5, 0.005, 0.025, 0.05, 0. 1 μg/ml in 6 experimental groups respectively, and also a solvent control group (NaOH) was set. The MIC of induced strains was tested by NCCLS methods and the bacterial resistance was determined according to ≥8 × MIC（0.25 μg/ml）. PCR amplification of the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA in resistant Salmonella typhimurium was performed and the amplicons subjected to a pyrosequencing protocol was identified for 5 common mutation sites, Ala67, Gly81, Asp82, Ser83 and Asp87. Results The MIC of the 10th generation of Salmonella typhimurium induced by 0.005 μg/ml of sarafloxacin hydrochloride was increased 32 times, and the bacteria stopped proliferation while the inhibitory concentration increased to 1 μg/ml. Several stable, bioactive resistant strains with a mutation in gyrA at Ser83 were obtained at the 25 passage. The bacteria could not grow when the concentration was ≤0.002 5 μg/ml. Conclusion The resistance of Salmonella typhimurium could be induced by sarafloxacin at a concentration of 0.005 μg/ml, and drug-resistant strains with biological activity could be obtained several passages.

Abstract:Objective To assess the risk of Vibrio parahaemob'ticus in raw salmon slic.es in Shanghai, China. Methods The risk assessment of V. parah,aemolyticu..s followed the risk assessment structure of WHO/FAO, involving hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. The data for hazard identification and hazard characterization were obtained from published scientific literatures and reports. Monitoring, dietary survey, growth rate model, adjustment fac:tors, Beta-Poisson dose-response model, Monte Carlo siruulations and statistical methods were applied. Results Preclicted prohability of incidence associated with the consumption of raw salmon slices contaminated by V. parah.aemolyticus in Shanghai residents in Jan-Feb, March-May, June-August and Sep-Nov were 8. 00 x 10 -7, 6. 23 x 10'7 , 4. 14 x 10 -6 and 8. 71 x 10 -6, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that the level of V. parah,aemolyticus in raw salmon slices from June to Nov was the most influential factor to the probability of illness. Conclusion The health risk of raw salmon slices contaminated by V. parah,aemolyticu..s in Shanghai was low. Controlling the level of V. parahaem,olyticus in raw salmon slices m summer and autumn is the key approach to reduce its health risk.

Abstract:To examine the specificity and sensitivity of traclitional cultural method, immunomagnetic heads separation method (IMS) , VIDAS, BAX and Loop-mediated isothermal amplific:ation ( LAMP) method for the detection of 0157: H7 in foods. Methods Traditional cultural method, IMS, VIDAS, BAX and LAMP method were used and compared in detecting 0157: H7 in pork samples. Results The detection rate of BAX, LAMP, IMS and VIDAS method was 89. 1% , 85.9% , 75. 0% and 78. 1% respectively, while that of traditional cultural method was only 43. 8%. Conclusion BAX and LAMP mObjectiveethod were proved to be rapid, highly effective, specific and sensitive for the detection of 0157: H7 in foods.

Abstract:目的建立分子信标一实时PCR技术检测婴幼儿乳粉中阪崎肠杆菌的快速方法。方法在PCR反应体 系中加入分子信标探针，探针的5’端标记FAM，3’端标记TAMRA，建立阪崎肠杆菌zpx基因分子信标一实时PCR技 术快速检测方法。结果检测方法特异性强，无非特异性扩增；分子信标一实时PCR反应体系DNA灵敏度为180 fV PCR反应体系，纯阪崎肠枰菌菌液的检出限为l02 CFU/ml，无交叉反应；以此反应体系检测23份样品，其中2份 为阳性，余未检出，与传统检测方法结果一致。结论分子信标一实时PCR检测体系快速、灵敏度高、特异性强，可 用于婴幼儿乳粉中阪崎肠杆菌的快速检测

Abstract:Objective To estahlish a solicl phase extraction/capillary gas chromatography ( SPE-GC) method t。 determine phorate and its metabolite phorate sulfone residue in leek. Methods After being extractecl by acetonitrile, samples were further extracted and purified by C18 and PC/NH2 solid-phase extraction columns and then detected by capillary gas chromatography with DB-1701 column. Results As 0. 03 , 0. 30, 0. 90 and 3. 00 mg/kg of both phorate and phorate sulfone being added to samples, average recoveries of phorate ranged from 86. 7% t0 93. 2% , and its coefficients of variation ranged from 2. 46% t0 4. 76%. Average recoveries of phorate sulfone ranged from 85. 9% t0 92. 5% and its coefficients of variation ranged from 2. 82% t0 4. 31% . The limit of detection of the method was 0. 01 m~kg and the limit of quantitation was 0. 01 ng. Conclusion The ruethod is rapid, accurate, sensitive and low in determination limit, thus applicable in the detection of phorate and phorate sulfone in leek.

Abstract:Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of 8 qunolone residues ( enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pelfoxacin, sarafloxacin, difloxacin, ofloxacin) in fish meat by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( LC MS/MS). Methods Deuteriuru substituted reagents used as internal standards were added to fish meat samples before extraction. Samples were extracted with acidified acetonitrile, cleaned-up by hexane, and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. The mass spectrometer was operated in the positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring ( MRM). Results The average recoveries of 8 qunolone compounds added at l. 0 and 3. 0 lig/kg were in the range of 88. 4% -114. 9% . The detec:tion limits of compounds with the method were ranged from 0. 03 t0 0. 1 pL~kg. Conclusion The method is suitable for quantitative and qualitative detection of quinolone residues in fish samples, with advantages of quick, siruple and repeatable.

Abstract:目的建立一种同时测定蔬菜中有机磷农药残留量的分析方法。方法 以乙腈为提取剂，以CARB/NH： 柱净化，以丙酮／乙腈混和溶剂作为净化剂洗脱。用气相色谱（CC/FPD和GC/NPD）测定，以标准物质保留时间定 性，以外标法定量。以低限加标样品的3倍信噪比确定方法的检出限，以3个添加水平测定样品的回收率和相对 标准偏差（RSD）。结果 该方法的检出限达到fig/kg水平；除敌敌畏以外，大多数农药的加标回收率在75%~ 120%之间，RSD均低于10%，r2>0. 9981。结论 该方法简便、灵敏、快速，能够满足同时测定蔬菜中多种有机磷农 药残留量的要求。

Abstract:The Nation,al Food Safety Stan,dard Modijied Milk ( GB 25191-2010) was one of 66 standards in the first set of National Food Safety Standards issued by the Ministry of Health of the People' s Republic of China on March 26 , 2010, which introduced a new concept of "modified milk" not being used before in China. The importance and the role of introducing the new concept into the National Food Safety Standard system were discussecl from different angles, suc:h as the related International Standards, processing techniques, food adclitives, as well as the development of dairy industries and the existing contradictions and problerus today in China.

Abstract:目的探讨微生物多轮次能力验证方案及其在考察参试实验室检测能力的持续满意情况和评价实验室 整体检测水平中的作用。方法通过食品微生物两轮次能力验证PTC-T013、9个微生物检测项目、Il个检测样品 分别进行5项定量检测和6项定性检测来考察参试实验室的检测水平；定量样品采用Z一比分数统计分析，定性样 品直接与设定值比较，两轮次结果进行综合比较分析。结果71. 7%实验室取得了满意的结果，虽然两轮不满意的 结果数相差不大（5. 3%和4.3%），但是第2轮出现不满意结果的实验室数量明显减少（21. 7%和8.7%）。结论 多 轮次能力验证方案为参试实验室提供更多的选择；其结果能更真实地反映出参试单位的持续满意状况及整体检测 水平。

Abstract:To interpret comprehensively th,e Foocl Safety Accicien,ts Epidemiological Survey Regu.lation,.s published by the, Chinese Ministry of Health. Introducing the necessity of publishing the regulations after th,e Food Safety Law of the Peoples Republic of China being promulgated; and the drafting process and the main content of the regulations. The applicable scope involved in epidemiology investigation of food safety accidents, the powers and responsibilities of research institutes, the inspectorate system, the survey program content and conclusion, the specific problems in the relationship between research institutes with public health administrative departments and with other regulators are explained.

Abstract:目的 了解广州市部分食品违法添加非食用物质现状。方法2006-2008年对广州市市售水产品、保鲜 食品、豆制品、粮食、蜜饯、蛋及蛋制品、乳及乳制品等进行食品污染物监测，同时进行部分非食用物质的监测。结 果水产品、保鲜食品、豆制品中的甲醛检出率分别为21. 21%、44. 38%、1.14%，其中一份保鲜食品甲醛检出值最 高达2 851. 00 mg/kg；粮食、蜜饯、豆制品中的甲醛次硫酸氢钠（吊白块）均未检出；蛋及蛋制品中的苏丹红I~ IV均 未检出：乳及乳制品、含乳饮料中的三聚氰胺检出率分别为17. 65%、11. 11%，其中乳及乳制品三聚氰胺最高检出 值达328. 00 mg/kg。结论 目前广州市市售部分食品仍存在违法添加非食用物质现象，应引起相关监管部门重视

Abstract:Objective To investigate the contamination of aluminum in flour products in Nanning city, to evaluate the status of aluminum exposure of residents, and to provide hasis for hygienic supervision. Methods According to a stratified sampling plan, a total of 101 samples of flour food products were collected froru supermarkets and fairs in Nanning in 2010. Aluminum content was analyzed by national standard methods. The safety of foods exposed hy aluminum was evaluated based on the intake level of flour products adapted from the 2002 dietary nutrition survey conducted in Guangxi . Results The average aluminum content in flour food products was 336. 7 mg/kg. The average exposure of aluminum from flour foods was l. 41 mg per referenc.e man per week in Nanning. The P90 0f aluminum content in flour foods was 977. 1 mg/kg, and the P90 0f aluminum exposure from flour foods was 4. 10 mg per reference man per week in Nanning. Conclusion The

Abstract:Objective To investigate the hygienic status of food safety in catering industries in Taizhou. Method According to the Jiangsu Catering Industry Food Safety Monitoring Program, 312 samples from 3 food-related products, including high risk foods, table wares and raw food materials, were collected and analyzed for 7 microorganism indexes and 28 physiochemical indexes. Results All wheat flour, rice, edible oil samples ruet the requirement of national standards. The qualified rates of drinking water and pork samples were 75. 0% and 56. 2% , respectively. The qualified rate of 26 high risk food samples was only 17. 3%. The qualified rates of cooked meat products, fruit and vegetable juice, non- fermented bean products, salad, Chinese salad, eaten raw aquatic products and box lunch were 20. 0% , 15. 0% , 6. 25% , 25. 0% , 0, 12. 5% , 37. 5% , respectively. The qualified rate of table wares was 75. 6% . Conclusion The contamination of pork samples was serious and the hygienic status of high risk food was poor too. Supervision and surveillance on catering industries should be strengthened

Abstract:Objective To investigate the contamination status of heavy metals in common marine products originated from the yellow sea and bohai sea areas in Yantai. Methods The levels of Hg, Crl, Ph, As and Sh in marine products were deterruined by Atomic Fluorescence and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The results were analyzed and evaluated by variance analysis, single factor pollution index and metal pollution index, and the results were compared with those from other sea areas. Results The average levels of Hg, Ccl, Pb, As, Cu and Sb in marine products were 0.044m~kg, 0. 602mg/kg, 0. 258mg/kg, 0. 167mg/kg, 7. 934mg/kg, and 0. 0063mg/kg respectively. The severity of contamination of heavy metals was different in various marine products. The contamination of Cd evaluated by single factor pollution index was the worst. The average levels of Cd in squid, short-leg octopus, scallop, edible mantis shrimp, crab and the average levels of As in razor clam were impermissibly high. The average levels of other heavy metals hased on the evaluation with the metal pollution index were normal. The abilities of accumulating heavy metals of crab, eclible ruantis shrimp, short-leg octopus, squid and razor clam were more intensive in comparison with other marine products. Conclusion The distribution of Hg, Cd, Pb, As and Sb in marine products in the yellow sea and bohai sea areas was uneven. The contamination of Cd, As and Pb was especially bad, which indicated that much attention should be devoted to the problem of environmental pollution in offshore and coastal zones.

Abstract:Objective To find out the trend and epidemiological distrihution of the food poisoning originated from wild mushroom, so as to provicle scientific hasis for prevention ancl early warning. Method Based on the data reported in 2004 -2010 in the wilcl mushroom poisoning network in Yunnan provinc:e, the characteristics of time trend, seasonal distribution and place distribution were analyzed. Results The largest number of poisoning events reported was in 2004, accounting for 26. 3% , the largest number of poisoning cases was in 2005 , accounting for 21. 7%. Most of wild mushroom poisoning events and cases occurred in the second and the third quarter of a year. The highest numher of wild mushroom poisoning events and cases was occurred in rural families, ac:counting for 90. 9% . Conclusion Wild mushroom poisoning is a serious public health event in Yunnan province, appropriate countermeasures should be taken on monitoring and managing susceptible people during special seasons and in high incidence area

Abstract:Objective To determine the content of trans fatty acicls in foodstuff sold in Yantai by GC-MS/MS to provide references for people arranging their diet. Methods Fatty acids extracted from foods were hydrolyzed with KOH-CH30H; the fatty acid methyl esters were then injected into and analyzed by GC MS/MS and quantified with external standards. Results Trans fatty acids were widely existed in greasy food solcl in most of markets and supermarkets. Conclusion The quality of greasy food was irregular, and the content of trans fatty acids were different. It is suggested for residents that more attention should be paid to the ingredient on the label of food products while shopping

Abstract:Objective To understand the conditions of bacterial contamination in self-prepared cold dishes among catering units in Xicheng district of Beijing, to provide scientific basis for food security supervision and for establishing related hygienic standards. Methods Self-prepared cold dishes were collected from 373 catering units in Xicheng district of Beijing from April of 2009 to May of 2010 to inspect aerohic bacterial counts, coliform bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, .Salmon,ella and Shigella. Results The total eligible rate of hacteriological indicators inspected on 1917 cold dishes was 73. 81%. The eligible rate of aerohic bacterial count and coliform bacteria was 88. 63% and 77. 83% , respectively. N。 pathogen was detected in cold dishes. The eligible rates of cold dishes prepared from unheated principal raw materials ( 58. 60% ) or vegetables (70. 37% ) were low. Conclusion The bacterial contamination is serious in self-prepared cold dishes among catering units in Xicheng district of Beijing. The most serious problem was the high rate of coliform bacteria contamination exceeding standards in all or part of cold dishes prepared from principal raw materials unheated materials or vegetables. It is suggested that departments concerned should strengthen supervision and management of cold dishes, and establish national food safety standards for cold dishes as soon as possible.

Abstract:目的 了解某品牌酱油对于其消费人群3一氯一1，2一丙二醇（3-MCPD）暴露水平的影响。方法 采用国际上 通用的检测方法AOAC 2001. 01测定哈尔滨市该品牌6种酱油的3-MCPD含量；2010-2011年以问卷调查的方式 在哈尔滨市郊区某农合社区调查18~ 60岁社区居民1 352人，了解居民关于3-MCPD相关食品的膳食习惯以及该 品牌酱油摄入的一般状况，筛选出经常食用该品牌酱油的居民，以酱油中3-MCPD的检测结果为依据计算居民食 用酱油的3-MCPD暴露量。结果该社区存在经常食用该品牌酱油人群，被调查的l 352人，其中497人经常食用 该品牌1种酱油，食用年限均在4年以上，居民对于酱油的3 -MCPD掇入量范围为0.648~ 34. 361 lig/（kg bw -d）。 结论该社区某品牌酱油的消费人群可能存在3-MCPD的高暴露风险

Abstract:The profiles of quality specification on food additives in Codex Alimentarius Commission, the European Union, Australia and New Zealand, Canada, Japan and China were described; The specifications for the same food additive from different countries ancl international organizations were compared, and the similarity and clifference of related monographs were analyzed. Then, recommendations for the management and reply for the specification of food additives from different countries were presentecl

Abstract:目的 确定甘孜藏族自治州某旅游景区一起食物中毒原因，对加强食品安全工作提出建议。方法绘制 病例发病时间和潜伏期的流行曲线，开展现场流行病学调查，对可疑食物和病人呕吐物进行实验室检测。结果 该起事件属于点源暴露，最短潜伏期5 min，最长潜伏期260 min，中位潜伏期25 min。可疑食物中的亚硝酸钠含量 为0. 83×l04~1. 13×l04 m~kg，2份呕吐物中的亚硝酸钠含量分别为94.7和1.65×l03 mg/kg。结论该起食物 中毒事件的致病因素为亚硝酸盐。

Abstract:目的查明瑞昌市375人因食用熟制小龙虾中毒的病因，为今后预防类似群体性事件提供参考。方法 采用现场流行病学调查和实验室检查，并对毒力（耐热相关溶血素）基因tdh和trh检测。结果本次食物中毒由 冰冻小龙虾储存不当和蒸煮时间不充分造成副溶血性弧茵污染所致。PCR试验结果表明从熟的小龙虾、患者肛拭 子和粪便中分离的副溶血性弧菌均携带毒力基因。结论本次群体性食物中毒事件警示，小龙虾加工企业应该严 格按照食品贮存卫生管理制度的要求，做好小龙虾的储存，要高度重视加工时的食品安全，控制食源性致病菌的污 染。同时，针对参与人数众多的群体性就餐活动应充分做好食品安全监督管理，加强各环节的质量控制，加大食品 安全宣传，提高预防和控制食源性疾病的能力

Abstract:The average annual occurrence of human Enterohemorrhagic E.sch,erich,ia coli ( EHEC) cases and Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome ( HUS) cases reported in 2007 - 2009 in EU were 3 213 and 185, respectively. The most common serotype of Enterohemorrhagic Esch,erich,ia co// isolated from food and animal feces was EHEC 0157. The isolating rate of EHEC 0157 in 2007, 2008 and 2009 was 0. 1%, 0. 1010 and 0.7% from fresh beef and that was 2.9%, 0.5% and 2. 7% from cattle fec:es, respectively.