Abstract:Objective To Summarize the prevalency natures and epidemic characteristics of food poisoning in Xingtai and to provide its control and prevention strategy. Method Data of the verified food poisoning reports and administrative punishment cases were collected and analyzed. Results The occurrence season, places and nosogenesis of food poisoning in Xingtai had their own natures and characteristics. Conclusion In order to prevent and reduce occurrence of food poisoning and the death in these events, many ways and strategies must be put in practice.

Abstract:目的了解鳖蛋携带肠杆菌科细菌的情况。方法对鳖蛋内容物采用LB肉汤及SC增菌培养，麦康凯和SS琼脂分离。挑取不同类型的代表性菌落接种至克氏双糖铁及赖氨酸-动力琼脂，并进行革兰染色镜检，氧化酶试验，结合系统生化和相应的诊断血清进行鉴定。结果从87个鳖蛋中捡出86个带菌，带菌率98．85％；有75个蛋携带肠杆菌科细菌，带菌率86．21％。总共分离出121株肠杆菌科细菌，归类8个属13个种，以弗劳地柠檬酸杆菌（Citrobacter freundii）阳性检出率最高（57．38％），有一个蛋检出布伦登卢普血清型沙门菌（Salmonella braenderup）。鳖蛋可携带1～4种细菌，其中以带1—2种菌最多（90．66％）。结论该批鳖蛋的检验结果显示，鳖蛋不仅带菌，而且菌种类别广、多重带菌及可携带致病菌，因此必须做好鳖蛋的卫生检疫。

Abstract:It is introduced that the concept and function of list system and licensing system and take Japanese experience in the use of list system and licensing system in the management of food and cosmetics as an example. Having analyzed the relation between the two systems, the authors are enlightened by them and have some thoughts on combining the two systems in our country.

Abstract:The PASSCLAIM(Process for the Assessment of Scientific Support for Claims on Foods)project in EU includes assessment procedure,method and criteria for health claims on foods. The article introduced the evidence-based concept,process and procedure of PASSCLAIM,and provided evidence and references for substantiation of health claims in China.

Abstract:Grape seed proncyanidins extract (GSPE) has been used widely in the fields of foods, medicines and cosmetics because of its remarkable bioacitivities,such as antioxidant property, cardiovascular protective action, antimutagenic action, et al. In this view, the research progress in its structure, preparation, determination methods, biological acitivities and safety were summarized, and its application and problems in Chinese health foods were also analyzed.

Abstract:目的从中国林蛙的皮肤中，提取纯化具有抗菌活性的多肽物质，并对其进行抑菌活性的研究。方法用甲醇进行粗提取。对提取的甲醇浓度、甲醇用量、浸提时间和浸提次数，采用L9（3^4）正交实验，以蛋白含量作为指标，确定最佳提取条件。得到的粗提物经Sephadex G-75、Sephadex G～50和Sephadex G-25凝胶过滤进一步分离纯化获得抗菌肽。对抗菌肽进行氨基酸组成分析，采用杯碟法进行抑菌活性研究。结果提取林蛙抗菌肽的最佳工艺条件：甲醇浓度80％、甲醇体积为蛙皮重量的6倍、提取时间24h，提取次数3次。提取的粗提物经凝胶过滤后得到抗菌肽。抗菌肽的氨基酸组成中，碱性氨基酸占22．1％。酸性氨基酸占13．9％。抗菌肽对细菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为：枯草杆菌73．25μg/ml，金黄色葡萄球菌51．75μg/ml,大肠杆菌51．75μg/ml，铜绿假单胞菌51．75μg/ml。结论经甲醇提取和凝胶过滤可从中国林蛙皮肤得到抗菌肽。该抗菌肽为碱性多肽，对革兰阳性细菌、革兰阴性细菌均有抑制作用。

Abstract:目的通过研究有许可有监督（甲类）、有许可无监督（乙类）、无许可无监督（丙类）3种类型的工厂集体食堂的卫生现状及其影响因素，为制定切合工厂食堂实际的卫生管理提供依据。方法根据卫生部印发的《餐饮业卫生许可审查量化评分表》和《餐饮业经常性卫生监督量化评分表》内容，以普查方式对工厂食堂进行现况调查。结果在3类食堂的卫生许可审查量化评分中，甲类食堂得分为61．76±11．54，乙类食堂得分为52．19±10．45，丙类食堂的得分为33．99±12．89（F=294．56，P值〈0．01）；3种不同卫生监督管理类型工厂食堂在评价食堂卫生状况的25项卫生指标的单因素分析比较中，除炉灶设置和配餐间设置两项指标的差异无统计学意义外，其余23项卫生指标的差异均具有统计学意义（P值均小于0．01）。结论3种类型工厂食堂的食品卫生状况存在着显著差异，加强日常卫生监督管理对保证食堂食品卫生整体水平至关重要，严把卫生许可审查关对改善食堂卫生设施有重要作用。

Abstract:目的通过油脂中酸价不确定度分析，得出样品中酸价的合成标准不确定度及扩展不确定度。方法应用滴定法测定油脂中酸价的不确定度，对不确定度进行量化分析。结果该方法测定油脂中酸价的合成标准不确定度μc（x）=0．023mg／kg，扩展不确定度μc=0．05mg／kg。结论样品扣除试剂空白后消耗氢氧化钠标准溶液带来的标准不确定度影响较大．

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the uncertainty of the aqua density average value of the sodium hydroxide volumetric sotution, which was prepared in the laboratory, and to establish the procedure and method to evaluate the uncertainty. Method Based on GB/T 601-2002, establish mathematical model, synthesize uncertainty. Results The primary factors that influenced the aqua density average value of sodium hydroxide titrating solution were found. The main origin of the uncertainty was induced and proposed and the procedure and method to evaluate the uncertainty of the density of standard volumetric solution by fiducial reagent were established. Conclusion The procedure and method of evaluation, which conform to the standard requirement, are useful to uncertainty evaluation in the routine similar experiments.

Abstract:目的了解唐山市肉类制品中使用合成食用色素的种类和含量。方法采用GB／T5009．35-2003（食品中合成着色荆的测定》中的示波极谱法测定。结果60份样品中有53份检出舍成食用色素，检出率为88．33％，检出的色素种类有苋菜红、柠檬黄、日落黄、胭脂红。被检样品中使用单一种合成食用色素的有26份，占检出试样数的49．06％。使用混合色素的27份，占检出试样数的51．94％。其中23份样品含2种色素，4份样品含3种色素。结论内制品中超范围使用合成色素情况比较严重。

Abstract:Objective To investigate and identify the cause of food poisoning of Field Snail.Methods Using the methods of epidemiological investigation and laboratory tests, 35 samples, including the anus swabs from the food poisoned patient and the Field Snail processor and seller, the swabs from the environment in which the Field Snail was processed and sold and the Field Snails leftover were analyzed, according to the national standard methods. Results The cause of the poissing was that the Field Snails had not been thoroughly cleaned and properly cooked. Among those samples, Enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC) was detected from 2 anus swabs,1 leftover Field Snail and 1 swab from Field snail processing and selling environment. Conclusion The food poisoning was caused by eating Field Snails polluted by Enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC).

Abstract:Iron deficiency is one of the major health problems in the world especially in the developing countries. The most critically affected population are infants, school-age children and women of child-bearing age. In spite of that there are several measures to improve or maintain iron status in a target population, the iron-fortified food is considered to be the most effective. This paper briefly reviewed the successful iron fortification programs or trials conducted worldwide and summarized the iron fortificants and technics.

Abstract:To provide reference for production of healthfoods, the definition of lutein, its physiological function, security estimation, extraction technique, safe intake and its confirmation and application at home and abroad were reviewed.

Abstract:Objective To develop a PCR-immunochromatographic test (PCR-ICT) for screening genetically modified (GM) soybean.Method The promoter CaMV35S was used as a marker for screening genetically modified organisms (GMOs). According to the gene sequences of promoter CaMV35S introduced into GMOs, PCR primers were quoted from previous reports and the former primer was labeled with biotin, and a specific probe was designed and labeled with digoxigenin. The PCR amplification product was detected and identified by colloid gold immunochromatographic test.Result 0.5% of standard GM soybean powder could be detected by the newly developed PCR-ICT. The results of detecting soybean samples using this test consisted with those of using agar gel electrophoresis.Conclusion The newly developed PCR-ICT appears to be a rapid and convenient technique for screening GMOs. It could simultaneously detect and identify specific PCR product by DNA hybridization and colloid gold immunochromatographic test.

Abstract:又名大瓶螺，苹果螺，两栖淡水贝类软体生物，属软体动物门，腹足纲，中腹足目，瓶螺科。原产于南美洲亚马逊河流域。20世纪70年代引入中国台湾，1981年由巴西籍中国人引入广东。1984年后，福寿螺已在广东广为养殖。由于过度养殖，被释放到野外。福寿螺适应环境的生存能力很强，又繁殖得快，

Abstract:Objective To evaluate nutritional value of Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp), a tuber of Andine origin cultivated in Peru by comparison with Chinese traditional corps.Method Using national standards or AOAC methods, content of protein/amino-acid, lipid/fatty acid, carbohydrate, 11 kinds of minerals and 12 kinds of vitamins in dried Maca were analyzed, and compared with that in potato, sweet potato, carrot, wheat flour and rice.Results It was showed that Maca was rich in protein, minerals and vitamins, with higher value than potato and sweet potato after adjusting water content.Conclusion It was suggested that Maca may be a potential tuber source for introduction and development because of its nutritional value.

Abstract:Objective To search for methods to discern the true edible bird's nest from the false.Method UV Spectrum and amino acid analysis were used for the identification and then the results were confirmed by HPLC-MS-MS.Results The natural edible bird's nest had a peak absorption at 280 nm. The contents of amino acids in natural edible bird's nest were higher than those in the false bird's nest made with white fungus and pigskin. The predominant amino acids in natural bird's nest were Asp, Leu, Tyr, Glu, Val, Ser and Phe, but these in false bird's nest were Ile, Gly and Ala.Conclusion The established methods were feasible for the identification.

Abstract:目的建立鱼中的孔雀石绿（MG）、结晶紫（GV）及其代谢物无色孔雀石绿（LMG）、无色结晶紫（LGV）的测定方法。方法使用液相色谱线性离子阱串联质谱技术和同位素稀释技术，Mcllvaine缓冲液和乙腈提取，OASIS MCX SPE柱净化，洗脱液在选择反应检测模式（SRM）下测定。结果方法的检出限CCα为0．03～0．05μg／kg，定量限CCβ为0．05～0．09μg/kg。5个不同加标水平鱼样中4种目标化合物的平均回收率为84．7％～105．1％，RSD为1．3％～14．9％（n=5）。结论本方法定量准确可靠，可用于鱼样品中孔雀石绿、结晶紫及其代谢物的测定。

Abstract:目的研究儿童肥胖与抑郁症的关系，为儿童肥胖防治提供基础资料。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样的方法，抽取3886名北京市城区9～10岁小学生。抑郁症采用Kavacs等研制的国际抑郁症问卷，用自填方式调查；超重肥胖采用中国肥胖问题工作组（WGOC）推荐的标准。结果男孩和女孩中抑郁症栓出率分别为16．7％和9．5％。低体重、正常体重、超重和肥胖儿童中抑郁症栓出率分别为12．2％、12．2％、14．8％和16．7％，4组儿童抑郁症栓出率差异有统计学意义。低体重男孩抑郁症栓出率也比较高。无论男孩还是女孩，超重和肥胖儿童不自信评分均显著高于正常体重儿童。结论肥胖儿童，尤其是女孩，发生抑郁症的危险性增加。无论肥胖男孩还是肥胖女孩，自信心明显降低。应该针对儿童肥胖采取积极的预防控制措施。

Abstract:Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of S.typhimurium isolates from food in China, the twenty-three strains of S.typhimurium isolated from 2002 to 2005 within the areas of Chinese National Foodborne Dieases Surveillance Network were tested for the antimicrobial resistance and molecular types. Methods All the strains were detected the antimicrobial resistance by the disk diffusion method and molecular typed by PFGE.Results Fifteen out of 23 strains were multiple antimicrobiol resistant. Six strains (40%) were resisted to four to five kinds of antibiotics, five strains (33.3%) to six to nine kinds, four strains (26.7%) to ten. All the tested strains were typed into sixteen genotype, with the five genotypes have more than one strains.Conclusion The multiple microbial resistance of foodborne S.typhimurium strains has showing the prevalent problem. PFGE is one of the good typing methods for S.typhimurium isolates. It is also indicated that the results of the antimicrobial resistance patterns are quite closed to the PFGE typing in this study.

Abstract:Objective Analysising the contents and distribution of 5 main nutrients of the recipe used in the study of protein physiological requirement and computing the energy contained in food by use of the energy coefficient of macronutrients. Method The routine diets of the students of Bethune military medical college were subjects, which contained 34 different kinds of food. Protein, fat, carbonhydrate, ash content and water were determined with national standard methods. Result The carbonhydrate content of the cereal was 46.9% on average, which was higher than that of meat and vegetable. The energy contained in the cereal was at a relatively high level, which was 1 331 kJ/100 g on average, the protein content of meat was 21.4% on average. Nutrients in vegetable were relatively lower. Actual intake amount of protein in different dose group was in accordance with the predetermined protein dose, and the energy ratio of macronutrients was rational. Conclusion The 3-day receipe that was made refering to the routine diets of the students can supply enough energy and nutrients for physiological requirements.

Abstract:Objective The aim was to search for a better freshness-preserving agent for the preservation of sea prawn.Methods It was compared that effect of 4 freshness-preserving agents (Na_2S_2O_5, FMP natural color-protecting agent, Shiweixian-Xiaxianbao and phytic acid) and 3 ways of applying the agents (dipping, splashing and powder scaffering).Results The experimental results indicated: Na_2S_2O_5 showed better preserving effect within seven days. But excess residue of SO_2 will appear if operated improperly. FMP natural color-protecting agent and Shiweixian-Xiaxianbao both showed better preserving effect. The preserving effect of phytic acid was not so good. Comparing dipping and splashing in the same concentration of preserving agent, dipping showed better preserving effect.Conclusion Economically, dipping the prawn three minutes in 1.5% Na_2S_2O_5 solution can effectively preserve its freshness. Taking into account the consumer's health, dipping in 2% FMP natural color-protecting agent or Shiweixian-Xiaxianbao for three minutes is a better practice. The preserving effect will be better when the time of preservation is less than within seven days.

Abstract:目的研制T-2毒素标准品的替代品并应用于酶联免疫吸附试验（EusA）。方法在研制了抗T-2毒素单抗的基础上，将抗体用无花果蛋白酶进行酶切，制备抗T-2毒素单抗F（ab’）：片段，并以F（ab＇）：片段作为免疫原免疫日本大耳白兔，研制出抗T-2毒素单抗独特型抗体。结果所研制的抗独特型抗体经过鉴定，是Ab2B型，与T-2毒素存在内影像关系。结论该抗体可以替代T-2毒素标准品应用于ELISA检测。

Abstract:Objective To assess the dietary aflatoxins exposure in Chinese residents and analyse the main contributing foods and the risk of liver cancer.Method The dietary aflatoxins exposure was calculated by the aflatoxins contamination level in foods and the intake level of foods.Results The mean dietary aflatoxins exposure levels of Chinese standard persons, 2-6-year-old children, urban standard population and rural standard population were 665.43 ng/person per day, 415.39 ng/person per day, 487.64 ng/person per day, and 749.14 ng/person per day respectively, and the dietary aflatoxins exposure of high consumers in those resident groups (97.5 percentile) were 24?787.20 ng/person per day, 16?544.40 ng/person per day, 17?358.59 ng/person per day and 29?370.42 ng/person per day, respectively. The dietary aflatoxins exposure of rural residents was higher than that of urban residents. The status of dietary aflatoxins exposure in 2-6-year-old children was anxious. Maize and rice were the main contributing foods in dietary aflatoxins exposure of Chinese residents. The risk of liver cancer because of dietary aflatoxins exposure in rural residents was higher than that in urban residents. Conclusion To reduce the aflatoxins exposure, the urban people and the 2-6-years-old children are the main populations to be concerned and maize and rice are the important foods whose quality can not be ignored.

Abstract:Objective To understand the current status and trend of food consumption among Hubei residents.Methods 960 households including 2?942 subjects were randomly sampled from urban and rural areas in Hubei Province. A 24-hour dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days and weighting method were used to collect information on food intake.Results The average food consumption per reference man per day included 354.2 g cereals, 361.9 g vegetables, 14.4 g fruits, 67.6 g meats, 53.2 g fishery products, 28.3 g eggs, 11.3 g dairy, 20.2 g legume, 51.8 g edible oil, 10.6 g salt and 9.4 g soysauce.Conclusion For Hubei residents,the quality and quantity of diet have been improved and consumptions of animal foods,milk,fruits,legume and edible oil have been increased,but the consumptions of fruits,dairy and legume products is still low and needs improving. The imbalance among urban people was characterized by the decreased intake of cereals and vegetables and significant increased intake of anima1 foods and oil. Some subjects adopted a"high energy density"diet.Both under-nutrition and over-nutrition should be considered as health problems in Hubei Province which deserve more attention by the government and researchers.

Abstract:Objective To understand the situation of contamination of seafoods by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Methods 2?349 batches of seafood imported to Beijing during March-October 2005 were examined for V.parahaemolyticus. V.parahaemolyticus was discovered from 238(10.13%) batches. These 238 strains and the other 29 strains isolated before were further examined for the ability to hydrolyze urea, kanagawa phenomenon (KP~+) and the presence of tdh and trh genes.Results 27 strains were positive for urea hydrolysis, of which 14 strains were positive for tdh and trh genes. Among these 14 strains, 10 strains were positive for kanagawa phenomenon. All the KP~+ strains were isolated from samples of geoduck imported from Canada. Conclusion The results indicated that imported seafoods are contaminated by pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus, especially in geoduck from Canada.

Abstract:Objective To establish a rapid, sensitive and specific method for detection of Listeria monocytogenes(Lm) in the import and export foods.Method A pair of oligonucleotide primers and a probe were designed with listeriolysion A (hlyA) gene as target sequence DNA, cell, plasmid of Lm were amplified by real-time PCR technique.Results This trial established DNA standard curve, cell standard curve and plasmid standard curve by real-time PCR technique. The results obtained by the three standard curves were mainly the same.Conclusion Real-time PCR can be used as a sensitive, specific and accurate method for detection of Lm. The inspection system developed in this experiment can be used to do Listeria monocytogenes inspection work in the department of inspection and quarantine.

Abstract:Objective To understand the contamination levels of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the seafoods imported through Dandong Port. Method The results of inspection of import seafoods passed through Dandong Port in the period of 2003-2005 were reviewed. Results Among the 1?965 batches of import seafoods tested, 44 batches were disqualified(2.24%) for bacterial contamination, including 32 batches of Listeria monocytogenes positive(1.63%), 6 batches of Salmonella positive(0.31%) and 6 batches of Vibrio parahaemolyticus positive(0.31%). The disqualified import seafoods were mainly frozen octopus, frozen conch, frozen saxidomus purpuratus, live periwinkle and frozen periwinkle meat. Conclusion The contamination level of the three pathogens in the import seafoods passed through Dandong were very serious. The Listeria monocytogenes contamination was most serious. Frozen octopus and frozen conch were widely contaminated by the three pathogens.

Abstract:目的掌握丹东口岸进口海产品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌、沙门菌和副溶血性弧菌污染情况。方法对丹东口岸2003—2005年进口的海产品3种致病菌的检验结果进行了分析。结果1965批进口海产品中检出不合格产品44批（2．24％）。其中32批（1．63％）检出单核细胞增生李斯特菌、6批（0．31％）检出沙门菌和6批（0．31％）检出副溶血性弧菌。不合格产品主要为冻章鱼、冻海螺、冻紫石房蛤、活河螺、冻河螺肉等。结论从丹东口岸进口的海产品3种致病菌的污染比较严重，特别是被单核细胞增生李斯特菌的污染最严重，海产品中冻章鱼和冻海螺被这3种致病菌的污染比较普遍。