Abstract:Qualitative and real-time quantitative PCR methods were developed to facilitate the investigation of the persistence of hpt gene within transgenic rice in different processed foods and degradation test in vitro and in vivo. Using rbcl gene fragment as inner positive control, a fragment-multiplex PCR system was established to detect fragments of the hpt gene of genetically modified rice with lengths between 236 bp and 910 bp, the amplified fragment was further confirmed via DNA sequencing. The 236 bp minimal fragment of qualitative PCR were cloned in the vector pUC18-pMD T and used as external standards of quantitative PCR. The real-time quantitative PCR method was developed based on TaqMan technology by the MGB probe for detecting the inserted DNA, which showed a good linear correlation (R~2=0.998) and precision at wide range between 10 and 10~5 DNA copies per reaction, and detection limit was 10 copies. The results indicated that the quantitative PCR system could work reliably and stably and fit well with the aim for monitoring degradation of hpt gene in different processed food and degradation process in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract:为对我国常见的植物油中植物甾醇含量进行测定,建立了植物甾醇气相色谱分析方法,并对11类共25种精炼植物油中的β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾烷醇、菜油甾烷醇及菜籽甾醇等的含量进行分析.本方法相对标准差为1.1%～6.9%;菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇的回收率的RSD值范围为3.0%～4.7%.玉米胚芽油中植物甾醇含量最高,其次是菜籽油和芝麻油.不同种类的植物油植物甾醇的含量和比例各不相同,同一种类不同品牌的植物油中各植物甾醇所占的比例基本接近.对我国居民植物油中植物甾醇的摄入量进行了初步估计.本研究建立的方法可靠,具有较高的准确度和精密度,可以作为精炼植物油中植物甾醇的测定方法.建议我国居民可以通过食用含植物甾醇较高的食用油来增加植物甾醇的摄入量。

Abstract:To investigate the status of food contamination by Salmonellae and the drug resistance of Salmonellae in Shanghai. 303 different food samples were pre-richment, then inoculated on XLD plates after special absorbing with IMS to isolate Salmonellae. The isolated strains were divided into 2 groups based on time of isolation and tested with modified K-B method to test the sensitivity to 28 antibiotics. There were 87 Salmonellae positive results in 303 tests. The positive rate was 28.71%. In the 112 Salmonella serotype, S.derby and S.enteritidis were dominant. The Salmonellae positive rate in meat products was much higher than that in other food products, in which the positive rate was 40.20% (82/204) with 107 different serotypes of Salmonella species ( 107/112, 95.54%). The drug resistant strains of Salmonellae to ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, tobramycin, minocycline, chloramphenicol and streptomycin were obviously changed in the period of 2 years. There were 12 strains of multiple drug resistance, which resisted more than 10 different antibiotics(12/112,10.71%), and 4 strains resisted cefoperazone. Using IMS method isolate Salmonellae from foods samples has better result than the traditional method. It provides a new methodology for surveillance of foods. The increase of ciprofloxacin resistant strains and multiple drug resistant strains warn us that the importance of emphasizing the surveillance of foodborne Salmonellae-resistanted.

Abstract:为同时测定食品中的副溶血性弧菌和金黄色葡萄球菌,建立了基于TaqMan探针的双重Real-time PCR方法.针对副溶血性弧菌的gyrB基因序列和金黄色葡萄球菌coa基因序列分别设计引物和TaqMan探针,建立双重Real-time PCR 检测体系,制作校正曲线,同步定量检测副溶血性弧菌和金黄色葡萄球菌.建立的双重Real-time PCR方法对2种细菌菌液的检测敏感度均低于10 CFU/PCR反应体系,相关系数均为1.00,整个试验可在2 h内完成.建立的方法可用于食品中副溶血性弧菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的快速、同步、定量检测。

Abstract:In order to avoid shellfish contamination, the author developed a marine shellfish hygiene alarm system by analyzing contaminated samples, monitoring shells' hygienic situation, deploying toxin detecting point and building exemplary shellfish raising area. Based on the system, a proper solution was proposed and put into practice to prevent the shells being contaminated by toxins and related problems in the coastal shell raising area of Nantong.

Abstract:为了解参类保健食品的现状,为研究制定参类保健食品的标准提供依据,对1996年～2003年7月卫生部批准的795种保健食品资料进行了分析,用EXCEL建立数据库,运用SAS 6.12软件进行统计分析.参类保健食品中具有抗疲劳功能产品的人参总皂甙含量的范围为0.001～25 g/100 g,每人每日人参总皂甙摄入量的范围是0.000 112～0.75 g/d.具有免疫调节功能产品的人参总皂甙含量范围在0.0003～20.3 g/100 g,每人每日人参总皂甙摄入量范围在0.000113～1.5 g/d.单方参类产品的人参总皂甙含量与每人每日皂甙摄入量之间存在线性趋势.参类保健食品中人参总皂甙含量及人参总皂甙每日摄入量范围差异很大,一定的剂量范围与参类保健食品的功能定性对应.应该对参类保健食品的功效成分与功能的关系制定相应的标准以代替重复审批。

Abstract:In order to reveal circulating status of function claims of health foods, and to provide corresponding suggestions to support development of the industry, all products and enterprises certified to produce health foods were investigated. The results showed that the industry was developing at a rate above 10 percent in recent years, especially in 2003. The sales of health food products attained about 21 billion and the taxation exceeded 5.3 billion. Circulating rate of function claims stayed about 56 percent. However, most claims concentrate on a few functions, such as enhancing immunity, alleviating physical fatigue, improving child growth, assisting blood lipids reduction, postponing aging and facilitating alleviation of constipation for function foods, and supplying zinc, calcium, iron, multivitamins and multi-minerals for nutrient supplements simultaneously. Both theory and practice confirm that the industry is a promising industry, but it needs more policy support, induction and function recognizing. Enterprises should pay more attention as weU as funds to product research and development.

Abstract:In this study,a polymerase chain reaction method (PCR) was used to detect Salmonella spp. from samples of foods of animal origin (egg 238, meat 283, beef 314, shrimp meat 58 and milk 685). The results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of the PCR method reached 100% and the coincidence of the results of the PCR method and those of the National Standard method reached 100% too. The PCR method only took 2 days to get results. So, the PCR method was highly specific, sensitive and quick. It would be very useful for the rapid detection of Salmonella spp. from foods of animal origin.

Abstract:为给我国修订理化检验方法提供借鉴,比较了食品中8种无机污染物在我国标准理化检验方法GB/T 5009-2003与CAC推荐的分析方法之间存在的差异,主要是分析方法的种类和参数的比较.我国现有的分析方法与CAC推荐的方法基本接轨,铅、砷、汞、镉、锡、铜、锌7种元素分析方法的种类略多于CAC;我国标准检验方法普遍缺乏必要的技术参数;原子荧光法为我国特有的分析方法.建议按国际上通行的方法建立我国分析方法的参数;积极完善和推广原子荧光法;增加元素价态分析和同时检测多种元素的现代仪器分析技术。

Abstract:为优化食品中游离甲醛的测定方法,采用固相提取、高效液相色谱法测定食品中微量游离甲醛的含量.试样经水浸泡等方法处理后过滤,取过滤液与2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生反应后,经Oasis HLB富集净化,采用Luna 5 μ C18（2）色谱柱,水与乙腈为流动相,选用380 nm波长检测,与标准谱图比较进行定性,外标定量.本法的回收率分布于85.0%～97.4%,检出限为0.025 mg/kg.本方法具有简便、快速、准确的特点。

Abstract:为了测定保健食品中的生物素的含量,建立方便可靠的测定方法,采用高效液相色谱法对保健食品中生物素含量进行了测定。使用HypersilODS色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),以乙腈+0.05mol L磷酸二氢钾(15+85,pH=3.5)为流动相,检测波长200nm。方法的加标回收率为86.8%～106.0%,RSD为8.4%,最低检出量为0.5mg kg。该方法简便、准确,有良好的重现性,技术参数指标符合食品理化分析的要求。

Abstract:In order to promote management of lab instruments and improve management regulation of pubic health laboratories by which laboratory instruments can be used with high efficiency to provide fair and exact data, some issues on how to manage public health instruments are discussed. These issues include integrated program files, practice guideline and record files. Adjustment of some instruments, maintenance of small instruments, safety use of instruments and allocation of personnel were also discussed. Some advices which may help improve management level of laboratory and competitive power with international laboratories are put forward.

Abstract:Through monitoring content of lead and cadmium in foods of six cities in Jilin Province, situation of lead and cadmium pollution and their possible sources was realized. Pb and Cd contents in foods were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after pre-treatment according to national standard method. 917 samples of 13 kinds of foodstuffs were monitored during the period from 2001 to 2004. it was found that Pb in 9. 49% of samples and Cd in 6.24% of samples were over standard. Results showed that pollution of lead and cadmium in Jilin not very serious during that period. However, lead and cadmium detected in all kinds of foodstuffs suggest accumulation and potential harmful impact on human heahh may be existing.

Abstract:为研究麦绿素对大鼠的降血脂作用,以0.33、1.00、3.00 g/kg BW d^-1剂量的麦绿素灌胃给予Wistar雄性大鼠30 d,于试验开始及结束时测试TG、TC及HDL-C,观察不同剂量的麦绿素对高脂饲料喂养大鼠血脂的影响.大鼠连续灌胃给予麦绿素30 d后,1.00、3.00 g/kg BW d^-1剂量组的血清TC及3.00 g/kg BW d^-1剂量组的血清TG显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,各剂量组的血清HDL-C无明显变化（P〉0.05）.在本试验条件下,麦绿素对大鼠具有降血脂作用。

Abstract:The screening tests for embryotoxicity in vivo are time-consuming and expensive when they are carried out on large number of laboratory animals. Because embryonic stem cell test(EST) may detect the influence of test compounds to the pluripotent and differentiation of stem cells, it is designed to discriminate test compounds of three classes of embryotoxicity: none, weakly and strongly embryotoxic. EST improves the correlation between the in vitro data and the in vivo data, and will be an alternative in vitro test for embryotoxicity in the future.

Abstract:To promote the development of the school nutritious meal and give reference for school nutritious meal manufactories and administration authorities in China, the article reviewed main hygiene problems of school nutritious meal in the United States, Japan and China. Various aspects of school nutritious meal in the United States, Japan, China and EU including current research progresses and management of HACCP system, as weU as some recommendations and suggestions for school nutritious meal in China are presented.