Abstract: Objective Explored the species-level distribution and antibiotic resistance of Cronobacter isolates from condiments and cereal-based foods in China, and provided data support for analyzing the epidemiological patterns and risk assessment of Cronobacter in these foods. Methods Analyzed the fusA gene of 457 Cronobacter isolates from food samples in 2022 by using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. And randomly selected isolates for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Results The 457 Cronobacter isolates covered six species, of which Cronobacter sakazakii accounted for 72.65% (332/457) and Cronobacter malonaticus accounted for 16.19% (74/457). Specifically, resistance to cefazolin was 46.24% (43/93), while resistance to ampicillin, nitrofurantoin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was each 1.08% (1/93). The gene cluster analysis of fusA showed that there was a correlation between Cronobacter species and antibiotic resistance. Conclusion In this study, the major species of Cronobacter isolates from condiments and cereal-based foods in China were C. sakazakii and C. malonaticus. The antibiotic resistance results showed that Cronobacter had a high resistance rate to cefazolin, and the cefazolin resistance was different among different species.