Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of mushroom poisoning in Hubei Province， and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of mushroom poisoning.Methods Analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning incidents reported by the foodborne disease monitoring subsystem of the Hubei Provincial Nutrition and Food Hygiene Information Management Platform from 2021 to 2023.Results A total of 134 incidents of mushroom poisoning were reported in Hubei Province， with 384 cases and 6 deaths， resulting in a mortality rate of 1.56%. In 2023， the number of reported events and the number of cases were the highest， accounting for 53.73% and 55.73% of the total， respectively. The event mainly occurred from July to September； Yichang City and Wuhan City are high-risk areas for mushroom poisoning； Families are the main place of occurrence of mushroom poisoning （95.52%， 128/134）， with rural households having a higher number of incidents than urban households， and deaths mainly occurring in rural households. 49.25% of cases of mushroom poisoning identified the type of mushroom， and there were 4 incidents with clear results of mushroom toxin testing.Conclusion Toxic mushroom poisoning is the main cause of foodborne disease outbreaks and deaths in Hubei Province. Measures should be taken to shift the focus forward， and appropriate methods should be adopted to promote science in key areas and populations before the high incidence season of toxic mushroom poisoning arrives. Wild mushrooms should be avoided， and sampling and identification of toxic mushrooms should be strengthened to provide scientific suggestions for hospital treatment.