Alternaria toxin， a secondary metabolite produced by Alternaria， is widely found in food products all over the world and poses a crucial threat to human health. Therefore， the analysis of toxicity and the search for prevention and control measures of the toxin， have become the focus of current research. This study mainly summarizes the toxicity， exposure risk， pollution control， and toxicity intervention methods of four common Alternaria toxins. It provides chain spore mold toxin risk assessment， safety evaluation standards， and a reference for the establishment of prevention and control measures to ensure food safety and preserve human health.