European Union （EU） has formeda complete， systematic and scientific residue monitoring pattern step by step since the implementation of residue monitoring plan for many years. In recent years， China has gradually increased the supervision of veterinary drug residues， and gradually established and improved the supervision strength of veterinary drug residues. Including the division functions of EU veterinary drug residue supervision departments， laws and standards for veterinary drug residue， monitoring plan and monitoring characteristics. In addition， compared with the sampling of food safety supervision in China， the detection of veterinary drug residues in animals and food of animal origin in EU in 2018-2020 was analyzed in detail from the general situation， product category monitoring and project monitoring and the sampling inspection situation of food safety supervision in China. In addition， the causes of excessive veterinary drug residues were analyzed and risk management suggestions were put forward to provide reference for China’s food safety regulatory decision-making，and provide reference for the construction of veterinary drug residue standard system.