Objective To provide technical support for combating adulteration of plant-derived ingredients， the detection application of non-directional screening of plant-derived ingredients in food was realized.Methods Modified CTAB， SDS， and kit methods were used to extract genomic DNA from various plant-derived foods. Quality， concentration， and purity of the obtained DNA were compared. Using the RbcL gene in the chloroplast genome of plants as a barcode， 30 plant species were selected to verify the universality and specificity of this primer. Combining the second-generation high-throughput sequencing with DNA barcode technology， species identification of four mixed plant samples sold in Shandong Province was performed.Results DNA extraction using the improved CTAB and kit methods removed the interference of polysaccharides and polyphenols， which was an ideal effect， whereas that of the SDS method was poor. The DNA concentration obtained by CTAB method was higher than that obtained using the kit method. This method had a good performance in universality and specificity of 30 selected plant species. At the genus and species level， the identification rate of plant species in mixed samples was high. The detection rate at the species level was 98%， and resulted in non-target matching.Conclusion The RbcL gene can be used as a barcode for plant species identification. The discrimination rate is high at the genus level. At the species level， detection rate was high and discrimination rate was low. To provide a foundation for the advancement of DNA metabarcoding method in the field of identification for plant-derived components in food， the method can be further improved by increasing the barcode length.