Objective Laboratory analyses were performed for a case of food poisoning.Methods The potential foods involved （homemade chili sauce， pickles， sesame sauce， and marinated pig feet） and fecal samples were prepared according to GB 4789.12—2016. Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin gene was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. The detection and confirmation of the toxin were performed by animal experiments. After inoculation on blister meat and TPGYT media， bacteria were cultured， isolated， purified， and identified using blood agar medium.Results The chili sauce tested positive for gene producing type A botulinum toxin in five samples by real-time PCR. Type A botulinum toxin was detected only in chili sauce in animal experiments. Clostridium botulinum type A was isolated from chili sauce and marinated pig feet.Conclusion The food poisoning was attributed to the consumption of home-made chili sauce contaminated with Clostridium botulinum．