Objective To explore the effective prevention of wild mushroom poisoning， the years of life lost （YLLs） from wild mushroom poisoning in Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2021 was calculated .Methods The death data of wild mushroom poisoning in Yunnan Province were collated according to gender， age and year. The YLLs was calculated based on the World Health Organization excel calculation template， and the YLLs was compared among different age， gender and year groups. The indirect economic loss was estimated using human capital approach.Results The YLLs due to wild mushroom poisoning was 2 760 person-years （5.70 person years per 100 000 population）. People aged from 30 to 59 years old were a risk group for wild mushroom poisoning with YLLs of 1 602 person-years. Children aged <5 years old were also at high risk for wild mushroom poisoning （9.10 person-years/100 000 population）. The intensity of YLLs and YLLs in male was higher than that in female. The total indirect economic burden of 139 deaths from wild mushroom poisoning in Yunnan province was 70.794 2 million yuan， 509 300 yuan per capita.Conclusion The wild mushroom poisoning is one of the important causes of foodborne diseases death in Yunnan province. It is necessary to strengthen education and supervision of food safety， and improve the ability of medical treatment and epidemiological investigation of wild mushroom poisoning at the primary health care facility.