Objective To understand the antibiotic residues in ice/fresh chicken collected from retail market and the antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli （E.coli）isolated from these chicken in Henan Province. This study will provide data basis for chicken safety risk assessment.Methods A total of 60 ice/fresh chicken were collected from retail market and tested for antibiotic residues by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry tandem method from May to November in 2020 in He’nan Province； Totally， 300 E. coli isolates were recovered from these chicken and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by micro-broth dilution method.Results No antibiotic residues were detected in these chicken samples. All the E. coli isolates are susceptible to imipenem. The antibiotic resistant rates of the E. coli isolates to the other 14 antibiotics were from 8% to 86.33%. The antibiotic resistant rate ≥50% were： tetracycline 86.33% （259/300）， ampicillin 69.00% （207/300）， chloramphenicol 63.33% （190/300）， cefazolin 50.67 （152/300）， nalidixic acid 50.00% （150/300）. The proportion of multidrug-resistant organism （MDRO） is up to 81.75% （224/274）. The antibiotic resistance rates were significant difference among different regions （χ²=31.331， P<0.05）. The spectrums of antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolates were scattered， the most popular spectrum was tetracycline （8.39%， 23/274）.Conclusion The antibiotic residues of retail chicken meet the relevant regulations of China government in He’nan Province. E. coli isolates of chicken showed high resistance to antibiotics， and the MDRO are popular in the tested isolates. It is necessary to strengthen supervision of the antibiotic usage in poultry farm to control the antibiotic resistance production.