Objective To observe the protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) on lung inflammatory injury in OVA(albumin chicken egg)induced asthma mice and explore its mechanism. Methods OVA-induced allergic asthma mice model was established and mice were then treated with Lycium barabrum polysaccharides hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to detect lung tissue structure and inflammatory cell infiltration. Periodic acid-schiff(PAS) staining was used to examine bronchial goblet cell. Masson staining were used to identify collagen deposition in lung tissues. The expression of eosinophils cells, helper T cells(Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells) and regulatory T cells(Treg cells) in lung tissue of mice was detected by flow cytometry. Results Compared with asthma mice group, after the intervention of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides, the level of eosinophils in lung tissue of asthma mice was significantly decreased(P<0.05), the degree of fibrosis was significantly alleviated, the metaplasia of bronchial goblet cells was significantly decreased, the levels of Th1 and Treg were up-regulated(P<0.05), and the levels of Th2 and Th17 were down-regulated(P<0.05). Conclusion Lycium barbarum polysaccharide extracted from Lycium barbarum fruit ameliorates asthma in mice by reducing inflammation and modulating the balance of Th cells.