Objective This study aimed to describe the status of milk beverage consumption and the influence factors. Methods This study selected 13 953 samples by stratified multistage cluster random sampling in 2013. The study samples consisted of aged 3 and above with completed three non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls and food frequency data. A Logistic regression was used to analyze the influence factors. Results The prevalence of milk beverage was 9.7%(1 350/13 953). The drinking frequency was 1.6%(217/13 953), 0.7%(94/13 953) and 7.4%(1 039/13 953) for whom consumed 1 or more times per day, 4 to 6 times per week, and 1 to 3 times per week, respectively. The prevalence was 8.5%(592/6 934) and 10.8%(758/7 019) for male and female, respectively. Stratified by age groups, the prevalence was the highest among 3 to 6-year-olds (35.5%,165/465) and the lowest among 60 years and above (4.5%,123/2 740). Urban prevalence (7.7%,534/6 954) was lower than rural (11.7%,816/6 999). The per capita consumption of milk beverage was 6.2 mL/d among all the participants (134.4 mL/d among consumers), and was 5.6 mL/d and 6.9 mL/d for male and female, respectively. Stratified by age groups, the consumption was the highest among 3 to 6-year-olds (35.6 mL/d) and the lowest among 60 years and above (2.6 mL/d). The consumption was lower in urban residents (3.2 mL/d) than that of rural residents (9.2 mL/d). Factors associated with the consumption of milk beverage were gender, age, occupation, urban-rural difference and region. Conclusion The prevalence and per capita consumption of milk beverage were relatively low among 3 years or above residents in China. Children and adolescents (3 to 17-year-old) are the main consumers of milk beverage.