On the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the author reviewed comprehensively the process and effectiveness of the development of food safety risk assessment system in China. Following the requirement of implementation of President Xi's words regarding to the most rigorous standards and of ‘remaining true to our original aspiration, keeping our mission firmly in mind, finding the gap and taking the responsibility’, the author explored deeply the existing problems based on the extensive investigation and information collection. Focusing on Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and State Council on Deepening Reform and Strengthening Food Safety, the author also proposed the future strategies for national risk assessment system, which may provide recommendations for scientific development of food safety risk assessment system and bring into play to food risk control of risk assessment roles in China.