Risk ranking is one of the most effective risk assessment approaches, which is employed to proceed quantitative classification of risks from different chemical hazards to give a rapid identification and screen the high-risk food and chemical hazards through comprehensive analysis and consideration of the factors including the levels of contamination, dietary exposures, and hazardous effects to public health. This paper reviews the primary published risk ranking frameworks and models including risk ranking matrix, priority index and semi-quantitative food risk classification model, and integrally analyzed the theories of risk ranking, methods and characteristics of different approaches to offer the references of methodology for setting the priority of the chemical hazards in food during the risk management to solve the ranking problem of food risk hazards in practical work and to assiste formulate the specific risk management measures.