In order to understand the situation of arsenic contamination on fruits and vegetables, and to assess the health risk for local residents.Methods The arsenic contents of 1 270 vegetable samples and 363 fruit samples were analyzed according to year, botanical classification and geographical segment. The risk of arsenic intake was evaluated by the dietary arsenic PTWI recommended by JECFA. The health risk was assessed using USEPA health risk assessment model. Results The average content of arsenic ranged from 0.013 to 0.036 mg/kg in recent 4 years, and there was no significant difference among eight vegetable categories. The content in melon-fruit was 0.052 mg/kg, higher than the other kinds of fruits. The contamination in the samples from Baoji, Yan'an and Shangluo was higher than the other regions. Overall, the intake of arsenic through vegetables and fruits for residents in Shaanxi Province was lower than the dietary arsenic PTWI recommended by JECFA, and the individual health risk of arsenic was lower than the standard of ICRP, but there was still a potential safety risk to the high exposure population.Conclusion The arsenic contamination was found in a few samples, but it was safe in dietary level for Shaanxi inhabitants. It's necessary to further investigate the potential safety risk of arsenic.