Food microbiological risk assessment has always been the hot spot of the international food safety research. Foodborne pathogenic bacteria caused by food safety risk is a global problem, and the situation of the developing countries face more serious, the Chinese government attaches great importance to food safety work, constantly strengthen capacity building of the risk analysis system. Since 2010, the national food safety survey data suggest pathogenic microorganisms causing food poisoning, and report number has been higher than the damage chemical hazard and poisonous plants and animals. Therefore strengthen the microbiological quantitative risk assessment in order to reduce the gap with developed countries, from the national level is imperative.