To understand the contamination of Proteus in cooked foods and quick-frozen food made of rice and flou from Shijiazhuang markets, and to study the characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase production and drug-resistance.Methods Food samples were collected, and the isolated strains were identified and testing for susceptibility with BD Phoenix expert system. Results Total prevalence of Proteus was 22.0% (83/377), and the contamination rates were 20.8% (32/154), 28.7% (43/150) and 11.0% (8/73) in cooked foods, raw and cooked quick-frozen food made of rice and flour. Proteus counting range was 10³-10⁹ cfu/g. Susceptibility results showed that 80 Proteus mirabilis were naturally resistant to tetracycline and polymyxin. In addition, the highest rate of resistance was to ampicillin (36.3%), followed by cefazolin (27.5%). 3 Proteus vulgaris were naturally resistant to tetracycline, polymyxin, ampicillin and cefazolin, and the highest rate of resistance was to chloramphenicol (100%). All strains were sensitive to amikacin, meropenem and piperacillin. In all Proteus mirabilis isolated strains, ESBL-producing strains accounted for 25.0%-33.3%. The multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains accounted for 12.5%-33.3%.Conclusion The contamination of Proteus in cooked foods and quick-frozen food made of rice and flour was quite serious. Higher levels of producing ESBLs and MDR existed in food isolates which had a potential foodborne risk.