glucan, a well-known biological response modifier, plays an important role in triggering the function of dendritic cells (DC). There is evidence that binding of β-glucan to specific receptor in DC can induce their maturation, enhance the production of various cytokines, and regulate adaptive immune responses. β-glucan appears to be effective at enhancing immune function and reducing susceptibility to infection and cancer. This paper summarizes the current understanding of β-glucan as modulators of dendritic cells and their possible use as anti-tumor, anti-infection and anti-inflammation treatments.