To test the foodborne pathogenic bacteria examining capability of monitoring institutions, ensure the accuracy and comparability of the results, and to improve the quality of monitoring.Methods The blind samples were prepared by adding two to three kinds of foodborne pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, EHEC, and Enterobacter sakazakii) to radiation-sterilized milk powder. After stability tests, the samples were delivered to monitoring institutions. The results were evaluated with point-score-system and analyzed with Pearson χ² test. Results 319 monitoring institutions, which was 97.6% of the total number, reported their results. 299 institutions reported a qualified result, and the qualified rate was 93.7%. The false negative rates of the four bacteria were different, among which Enterobacter sakazakii was much higher than the other three. There was no statistical difference in qualified rates between institutions that joined the monitoring network before 2010 and those who joined later, or between provincial and municipal CDC.Conclusion The quality control program had provided scientific data for relevant laboratory trainings. It also proved that the capability of the laboratories meet the requirements for foodborne pathogenic bacteria monitoring.