Objective An epidemiological investigation and analysis were conducted on an outbreak of food-borne disease to explore the patterns of occurrence, the critical points of on-site management and countermeasures for food-borne disease outbreaks, providing a basis for future management of similar incidents and prevention and control strategies. Methods Epidemiological characteristics of the incident were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods; A case-control study was conducted to investigate suspected foods, and an environmental hygiene investigation was performed to trace the contamination process of the suspected foods; Biological samples from patients and food handlers at Restaurant W, along with food samples and samples from the food processing environment, were collected for testing. Results This incident revealed 344 individuals affected, with 96 cases, representing the incidence rate of 27.90% ; Vibrio parahaemolyticus was detected in 31 of the 58 samples collected, with a detection rate of 53.44%. The PFGE patterns of the strains isolated from beef and the cases were identical, confirming the presence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus contamination in the beef served as food. Conclusion This incident represents an outbreak of foodborne disease at W Restaurant, attributed to the consumption of beef contaminated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Prompt sealing of the site and the collection of samples for testing were crucial in controlling the spread of the disease and identifying the source and route of contamination. It is imperative to enhance coordination among various departments, cultivate and enhance capabilities for grassroots's departments of disease prevention and control .