2006—2011年广州市禽畜肉中铅、镉污染状况分析
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何洁仪,女主任医师,研究方向为食品安全风险监测与评估,食源性疾病诊断与处理E-mail:jieyiaa@21cn.com

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Analysis of lead and cadmium contamination of livestock and poultry in Guangzhou city from 2006to 2011
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    目的 了解广州市市售禽畜肉重金属铅、镉污染水平。 方法 采取分层随机抽样方法,2006—2011年在全市12个行政区域内的超市、农贸市场、餐饮业、批发市场等监测点采集禽肉、畜肉、猪内脏共879份,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测铅、镉含量。 结果 879份畜禽肉样品铅检出率65.42%,合格率94.54%;镉检出率55.38%,合格率97.42%;铅、镉平均检测值(以P50计)均低于国家食品污染物限量标准;但检测的极端值也均为猪内脏,分别超出国家标准4.9和5.2倍;各样品铅合格率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=14.181,P<0.05),镉合格率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.174,P≥0.05);四类样品中铅、镉检出率同样是以动物内脏最高,分别为70.21%、88.21%;2006—2011年各年之间铅的合格率差异无统计学意义(χ2=10.45,P>0.05),但镉的合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.82,P<0.05),有随年份推移而升高的趋势。 结论 广州市禽畜肉食品铅、镉污染水平较低,镉污染有逐年下降趋势;内脏是铅、镉主要积聚部位;建议不宜过量摄入禽畜动物内脏。

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    Objective To investigate lead and cadmium contamination in retailed livestock and poultry in Guangzhou city. Methods During 2006to 2011,9samples of poultry, livestock and pig''s viscera were collected from supermarkets, farm product markets, caterings, wholesale markets and the processing factories in 12administrative regions of Guangzhou city using stratified random sampling. The amount of lead and cadmium were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The detection rate of lead was 65.42% and qualification rate was 94.54%. The detection rate of cadmium was 55.38% and qualification rate was 97.42%. The average level of lead and cadmium were both lower than the national limits for food contaminants. Extreme value occurred in pig''s viscera, exceeding the national standard by 4.9times and 5.2times respectively. The qualification rate of lead was significantly different among different samples (χ2=14.181, P<0.05), but no significant difference was observed in cadmium qualification rate (χ2=2.174, P≥0.05). Lead (70.21%) and cadmium (88.21%) detection rate in pig''s viscera was the highest among the all the sample. In the six years of monitoring data, there was no significant difference in lead qualification rate between each year (χ2=10.45, P>0.05), but there was significant difference in cadmium qualification rate (χ2=14.82, P<0.05) with an increasing trend. Conclusion The contamination of lead and cadmium in livestock and poultry were at low level in Guangzhou city, but with increasing trend on cadmium qualification rate. It''s suggested not to intake excessive viscera of livestock and poultry. \=

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何洁仪,李迎月,余超,张维蔚,林晓华,黄聪,叶璐瑶.2006—2011年广州市禽畜肉中铅、镉污染状况分析[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2013,25(1):64-67.

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